{"title":"印度二线城市校车和共享人力车排放烟尘的比较","authors":"Shweta Kumari, Suresh Pandian Elumalai, Manish Kumar Jain","doi":"10.1080/15275922.2022.2047835","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b></p><p>The soot emitted from diesel vehicles has been identified as a significant source of air pollution. The characteristics of the soot indicate its ability to alter the air quality of the area. This study compared the characteristics of soot particles emitted from two commonly used public transport; diesel-driven school bus (SB) and the shared auto-rickshaw (AR). The differences were found in the soot particles from the SB and AR. The FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) reveals that the morphology of the soot particles from both vehicles were spherical. The average size of soot was 207.30 nm (AR) and 251.65 nm (SB). This extreme small-size soot is dangerous to human health. The ratio of oxygen and carbon (O/C) was found as 0.51 and 0.26 in soot samples of AR and SB, respectively. The sharper peaks in FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) show that the functional groups in AR soot were in higher quantity compared to soot of SB. The concentration of total trace metals (TM) (Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was 1.08 times less in soot collected from AR than SB. The study signifies that the characteristics of soot emitting from AR and SB can be utilized as a fingerprint of ambient pollution and it will be helpful in controlling PM emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11895,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Forensics","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A comparison of soot emitted from school buses and shared auto-rickshaws in Indian tier-II city\",\"authors\":\"Shweta Kumari, Suresh Pandian Elumalai, Manish Kumar Jain\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/15275922.2022.2047835\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><b>Abstract</b></p><p>The soot emitted from diesel vehicles has been identified as a significant source of air pollution. The characteristics of the soot indicate its ability to alter the air quality of the area. This study compared the characteristics of soot particles emitted from two commonly used public transport; diesel-driven school bus (SB) and the shared auto-rickshaw (AR). The differences were found in the soot particles from the SB and AR. The FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) reveals that the morphology of the soot particles from both vehicles were spherical. The average size of soot was 207.30 nm (AR) and 251.65 nm (SB). This extreme small-size soot is dangerous to human health. The ratio of oxygen and carbon (O/C) was found as 0.51 and 0.26 in soot samples of AR and SB, respectively. The sharper peaks in FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) show that the functional groups in AR soot were in higher quantity compared to soot of SB. The concentration of total trace metals (TM) (Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was 1.08 times less in soot collected from AR than SB. The study signifies that the characteristics of soot emitting from AR and SB can be utilized as a fingerprint of ambient pollution and it will be helpful in controlling PM emissions.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11895,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Environmental Forensics\",\"volume\":\"6 4\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-03-23\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Environmental Forensics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/15275922.2022.2047835\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Forensics","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15275922.2022.2047835","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
A comparison of soot emitted from school buses and shared auto-rickshaws in Indian tier-II city
Abstract
The soot emitted from diesel vehicles has been identified as a significant source of air pollution. The characteristics of the soot indicate its ability to alter the air quality of the area. This study compared the characteristics of soot particles emitted from two commonly used public transport; diesel-driven school bus (SB) and the shared auto-rickshaw (AR). The differences were found in the soot particles from the SB and AR. The FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) reveals that the morphology of the soot particles from both vehicles were spherical. The average size of soot was 207.30 nm (AR) and 251.65 nm (SB). This extreme small-size soot is dangerous to human health. The ratio of oxygen and carbon (O/C) was found as 0.51 and 0.26 in soot samples of AR and SB, respectively. The sharper peaks in FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) show that the functional groups in AR soot were in higher quantity compared to soot of SB. The concentration of total trace metals (TM) (Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was 1.08 times less in soot collected from AR than SB. The study signifies that the characteristics of soot emitting from AR and SB can be utilized as a fingerprint of ambient pollution and it will be helpful in controlling PM emissions.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Forensics provides a forum for scientific investigations that address environment contamination, its sources, and the historical reconstruction of its release into the environment. The context for investigations that form the published papers in the journal are often subjects to regulatory or legal proceedings, public scrutiny, and debate. In all contexts, rigorous scientific underpinnings guide the subject investigations.
Specifically, the journal is an international, quarterly, peer-reviewed publication offering scientific studies that explore or are relevant to the source, age, fate, transport, as well as human health and ecological effects of environmental contamination. Journal subject matter encompasses all aspects of contamination mentioned above within the environmental media of air, water, soil, sediments and biota. Data evaluation and analysis approaches are highlighted as well including multivariate statistical methods. Journal focus is on scientific and technical information, data, and critical analysis in the following areas:
-Contaminant Fingerprinting for source identification and/or age-dating, including (but not limited to) chemical, isotopic, chiral, mineralogical/microscopy techniques, DNA and tree-ring fingerprinting
-Specific Evaluative Techniques for source identification and/or age-dating including (but not limited to) historical document and aerial photography review, signature chemicals, atmospheric tracers and markets forensics, background concentration evaluations.
-Statistical Evaluation, Contaminant Modeling and Data Visualization
-Vapor Intrusion including delineating the source and background values of indoor air contamination
-Integrated Case Studies, employing environmental fate techniques
-Legal Considerations, including strategic considerations for environmental fate in litigation and arbitration, and regulatory statutes and actions
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