Congestion management ancillary service at the distribution level through grid-connected microgrid based on DLMP and HFPSO-TOPSIS approach

Abstract The rising use of electric mobility has weakened the relationship between wholesale energy prices and price-responsive demand such as charging Electric vehicles (EV). This adversely affects network flows. The situation can further worsen, causing congestion in the distribution network and a rise in energy prices. In this paper, an attempt is made to resolve this issue through Distributed generators (DGs) placed in a grid-connected microgrid. The authors propose a methodology based on “Distribution Locational Marginal pricing (DLMP)” and the use of “Hybrid optimal Firefly Particle Swarm Optimization” with “TOPSIS” (HFPSO-TOPSIS) approach for optimal DG sizing in this methodology. The methodology consists of two stages. The first stage is locating DGs on the bus, and the second stage is sizing DGs and their participation in providing ancillary service of congestion management through a grid-connected microgrid. The method is tested on a “modified IEEE 33 bus radial active distribution system”. Two different system conditions in which congestion can occur are analyzed and congestion is successfully removed by this proposed method. Power Loss reduction of more than 75% is achieved in each case after the implementation of the proposed methodology. Minimization of voltage deviation and maximization of voltage stability is achieved. The generation cost is minimized by almost 70%. The results obtained show better performance of HFPSO-TOPSIS as compared with other existing techniques. The results obtained exhibit that the methodology is generic and can be implemented for any congestion condition and can successfully remove congestion with improvement in system performance bringing social welfare.