从时间、空间和潜在污染物的角度建立乳制品风险等级模型

Shengmei Liao, Kang Hu, Su Xu, Guangcan Tao, Qinghai Zhang
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摘要

中国乳制品产量位居全球第三;然而,乳制品极易受到污染,对人体造成有害影响。本研究利用2017 - 2021年中国乳制品样本数据,评估了危害的风险分类,并考察了区域和时间分布模式。采用熵权法对风险值进行估计。应用了全局和局部空间自相关。调查结果表明,流通和生产中主要的高和相对高风险物质是兽药、添加剂、微生物和铬,而餐饮中主要的高和相对高风险物质是添加剂、微生物和铬。2017年至2021年报告了不合格的乳制品样品。乳制品的分类采样主要集中在中国西部,只有大肠菌群和细菌总数分别表现出高集聚和低低集聚。提出针对性监管意见和监管计划的动态调整,通过风险物质分类和相关时空分布特征,为乳制品安全监管提供科学依据。
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Establishment of dairy product risk rank model based on the perspective of time, space, and potential contaminants
China ranks third in the global production of dairy products; however, dairy products are extremely vulnerable to contamination, which leaves harmful effects on the human body. This study assesses the risk classification of hazards, and examines regional and temporal distribution patterns using sample data on dairy products produced in China from 2017 to 2021. The risk value was estimated using the entropy weight method. Both global and local spatial autocorrelations were applied. The findings indicate that the primary high and relatively high-risk substances in circulation and production are veterinary medications, additives, microorganisms, and chromium whereas the main high and relatively high-risk substances in catering are additives, microorganisms, and chromium. Unqualified dairy samples were reported from 2017 to 2021. The categorical sampling of dairy products primarily takes place in western China, and only coliform group and total bacterial counts demonstrated high–high and low–low agglomeration, respectively. The dynamic adjustment of targeted regulatory opinions and regulatory plans is proposed to provide scientific basis for the safe supervision of dairy products through the classification of risk substances and the characteristics of related time and space distribution.
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