二十世纪五六十年代儿童绘本中的苏联日常生活的客观世界

E. S. Korvatskaya
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关于苏联人日常生活的话题在科学界很受欢迎。儿童出版物本身仍在日常生活文化研究领域的研究实践范围之外。本文分析了20世纪40年代末至60年代国内图书插图的主题世界。目的是找出苏维埃城市,特别是列宁格勒日常文化的标志。研究的范围是在指定的时间段内出版的针对儿童和青少年的出版物。Detgiz出版社列宁格勒分社出版的关于苏联儿童生活的书籍引起了人们的注意。可以确定的是,在20世纪40年代至60年代的儿童绘本中,在视觉上界定日常生活边界的大件物品,以及组织日常生活的基本物品,更多地成为日常文化的对象。到20世纪60年代,具有装饰功能的小型室内物品将更多地出现,即苏联公民生活形成的条件和优先顺序将发生变化,并且在书插图中形成了详细描述日常生活世界的倾向。在研究过程中,我们发现了一群艺术家,他们非常注重对日常物品的描绘,但插画家并没有分别表明情节和所创造的空间属于某个地方。他们创造了一个苏联国家日常生活的集体形象。因此,在列宁格勒主体世界的20世纪40年代末至60年代的图书插图中,尚不可能明确区分“列宁格勒风格”的特征,但可以重建苏联公民的日常生活
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The objective world of Soviet everydaylife in illustrated books for children of the 1950s and 1960s
The topic of Soviet everyday life is quite popular in the scientific community. The children's publications themselves are still outside the scope of research practices in the field of studying the culture of everyday life. The article analyzes the subject world in the domestic book illustration of the late 1940s-1960s. The aim is to identify markers of the everyday culture of the Soviet city, in particular Leningrad. The boundaries of the study are publications issued during the specified time period and addressed to children and adolescents. The attention was given to books about the life of a Soviet child of the Leningrad branch of Detgiz publishing house. It is established that in the children's illustrated book of the 1940s-1960s, large objects that visually defined the boundaries of everyday life, as well as elementary things for the organization of everyday life, became objects of everyday culture more often. Small interior items that have a decorative function will appear to a greater extent by the 1960s, that is, the conditions and priorities in the formation of the life of a Soviet citizen will change, and a tendency to detail the world of everyday life is formed in the book illustration. In the course of the study, a group of artists was identified who paid great attention to the depiction of everyday objects, but the illustrators did not separately show the belonging of the plot and the created space to a certain locality. They created a collective image of the everyday life of the Soviet country. Therefore, in the book illustration of the late 1940s-1960s in the subject world of Leningrad, it is not yet possible to clearly distinguish the features of the «Leningrad style», but it is possible to reconstruct the daily life of a Soviet citizen
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