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{"title":"最小核心度较小的边缘关键图的过度丰满性","authors":"Yan Cao, Guantao Chen, Guangming Jing, Songling Shan","doi":"10.1002/jgt.23069","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Let <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> be a simple graph. Let <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\chi ^{\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> be the maximum degree and the chromatic index of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, respectively. We call <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> <i>overfull</i> if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mi>E</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mo>∕</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>⌊</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mi>V</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mo>∕</mo>\n \n <mn>2</mn>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>⌋</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>></mo>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $| E(G)| \\unicode{x02215}\\lfloor | V(G)| \\unicode{x02215}2\\rfloor \\gt {\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, and <i>critical</i> if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>H</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo><</mo>\n \n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\chi ^{\\prime} (H)\\lt \\chi ^{\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> for every proper subgraph <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>H</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $H$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. Clearly, if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is overfull then <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>χ</mi>\n \n <mo>′</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>=</mo>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>+</mo>\n \n <mn>1</mn>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\chi ^{\\prime} (G)={\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)+1$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. The <i>core</i> of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, denoted by <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msub>\n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n </msub>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${G}_{{\\rm{\\Delta }}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, is the subgraph of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> induced by all its maximum degree vertices. We believe that utilizing the core degree condition could be considered as an approach to attack the overfull conjecture. Along this direction, we in this paper show that for any integer <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>k</mi>\n \n <mo>≥</mo>\n \n <mn>2</mn>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $k\\ge 2$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, if <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is critical with <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>Δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>≥</mo>\n \n <mfrac>\n <mn>2</mn>\n \n <mn>3</mn>\n </mfrac>\n \n <mi>n</mi>\n \n <mo>+</mo>\n \n <mfrac>\n <mrow>\n <mn>3</mn>\n \n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n \n <mn>2</mn>\n </mfrac>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\rm{\\Delta }}(G)\\ge \\frac{2}{3}n+\\frac{3k}{2}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>δ</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n \n <msub>\n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mi>Δ</mi>\n </msub>\n \n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>≤</mo>\n \n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $\\delta ({G}_{{\\rm{\\Delta }}})\\le k$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, then <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is overfull.</p>","PeriodicalId":0,"journal":{"name":"","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Overfullness of edge-critical graphs with small minimal core degree\",\"authors\":\"Yan Cao, Guantao Chen, Guangming Jing, Songling Shan\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jgt.23069\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Let <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> be a simple graph. Let <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> and <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> be the maximum degree and the chromatic index of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, respectively. We call <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> <i>overfull</i> if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mi>E</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mo>∕</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>⌊</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mi>V</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>∣</mo>\\n \\n <mo>∕</mo>\\n \\n <mn>2</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>⌋</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>></mo>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $| E(G)| \\\\unicode{x02215}\\\\lfloor | V(G)| \\\\unicode{x02215}2\\\\rfloor \\\\gt {\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, and <i>critical</i> if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>H</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo><</mo>\\n \\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (H)\\\\lt \\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (G)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> for every proper subgraph <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>H</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $H$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>. Clearly, if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is overfull then <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>χ</mi>\\n \\n <mo>′</mo>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>=</mo>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>+</mo>\\n \\n <mn>1</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\chi ^{\\\\prime} (G)={\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)+1$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>. The <i>core</i> of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, denoted by <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n </msub>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${G}_{{\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, is the subgraph of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> induced by all its maximum degree vertices. We believe that utilizing the core degree condition could be considered as an approach to attack the overfull conjecture. Along this direction, we in this paper show that for any integer <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n \\n <mo>≥</mo>\\n \\n <mn>2</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $k\\\\ge 2$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, if <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is critical with <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>≥</mo>\\n \\n <mfrac>\\n <mn>2</mn>\\n \\n <mn>3</mn>\\n </mfrac>\\n \\n <mi>n</mi>\\n \\n <mo>+</mo>\\n \\n <mfrac>\\n <mrow>\\n <mn>3</mn>\\n \\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mn>2</mn>\\n </mfrac>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}(G)\\\\ge \\\\frac{2}{3}n+\\\\frac{3k}{2}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> and <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>δ</mi>\\n \\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n \\n <msub>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n \\n <mi>Δ</mi>\\n </msub>\\n \\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n \\n <mo>≤</mo>\\n \\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $\\\\delta ({G}_{{\\\\rm{\\\\Delta }}})\\\\le k$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>, then <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $G$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is overfull.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":0,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgt.23069\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgt.23069","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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