Introducing of high rich lysine, arginine, and unsaturated fatty acids microalga as a food supplement

Microalgae are powerful source for nutritionally valuable components as proteins, carbohydrates and especially unsaturated fatty acids. Microalgae may be employed in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, health industries, and biofuels. In this study for looking at high-level unsaturated fatty acids species, from 31 strains, by comparing growth curves, the best strain with a high growth rate and lipid content was selected by red Nile staining. It was determined by molecular identification that this strain belongs to the genus Chlorella sp. and is deposited into the Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran Culture collection with culture collection number ABRIICC 30,041. Biomass analysis after growth optimization by response surface methodology showed that the selected strain had a specific growth rate of 0.216 ± 0.008 d⁻¹, biomass productivity of 142.58 ± 4.41 mg/Ld, and lipid content of 13.9 ± 0.26% with a high level of unsaturated fatty acids of 53.15%. It also included 51.3 ± 0.53% protein with a very high quality essential amino acids of 40.36%, the most lysine (8.77%) and arginine (13.31%) has been reported until now, and 26.9 ± 0.23% carbohydrates in photoautotroph condition. By MTT assay, there is no effect of cytotoxicity. This research introduces a potent native strain comparable with commercial strains that can be a hopeful source for food supplements and valuable bioactive ingredients in functional foods.