Andrew G Traut, J J Hannigan, Justin A Ter Har, Christine D Pollard
{"title":"鞋类选择对青少年跑步生物力学的影响：试点研究。","authors":"Andrew G Traut, J J Hannigan, Justin A Ter Har, Christine D Pollard","doi":"10.1177/19417381231215070","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship of running biomechanics, footwear, and injury has been studied extensively in adults. There has been little research on the effects of footwear on running biomechanics in youth.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Running biomechanics of youth will be significantly affected by changes in footwear. Minimal shoe running will demonstrate similarities to barefoot.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Crossover study design: randomized trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 14 active male youth (8-12 years old) participants with no previous exposure to minimalist shoes or barefoot running had running biomechanics (lower extremity sagittal plane kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces [vGRFs]) collected and analyzed in 3 footwear conditions (barefoot, traditional, and minimal shoe).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average vertical loading rate (AVLR) was significantly greater running barefoot (173.86 bodyweights per second [BW/s]) and in the minimal shoe (138.71 BW/s) compared with the traditional shoe (78.06 BW/s), (<i>P</i> < 0.01). There were significant differences between shoe conditions for knee flexion at initial contact (<i>P</i> < 0.01), knee sagittal plane excursion (<i>P</i> < 0.01), peak dorsiflexion (<i>P</i> < 0.01), and dorsiflexion at initial contact (<i>P</i> = 0.03). No participants displayed a forefoot-strike during this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The introduction of barefoot and minimalist running in habitually shod youth significantly affected the running biomechanics of youth and caused immediate alterations in both lower extremity kinematics and vGRFs. Running barefoot or in minimal shoes dramatically increased the AVLR, which has been associated with injury, compared with a traditional shoe.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of footwear on overground running biomechanics, including AVLR, in pre- and early-adolescent youth males. Based on our findings, clinicians should exercise caution in barefoot or minimal shoe transition among young, habitually shod, runners due to the immediate and dramatic increases in AVLRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"913-919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11531011/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of Footwear Selection on Youth Running Biomechanics: A Pilot Study.\",\"authors\":\"Andrew G Traut, J J Hannigan, Justin A Ter Har, Christine D Pollard\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/19417381231215070\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship of running biomechanics, footwear, and injury has been studied extensively in adults. There has been little research on the effects of footwear on running biomechanics in youth.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Running biomechanics of youth will be significantly affected by changes in footwear. Minimal shoe running will demonstrate similarities to barefoot.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Crossover study design: randomized trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 14 active male youth (8-12 years old) participants with no previous exposure to minimalist shoes or barefoot running had running biomechanics (lower extremity sagittal plane kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces [vGRFs]) collected and analyzed in 3 footwear conditions (barefoot, traditional, and minimal shoe).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average vertical loading rate (AVLR) was significantly greater running barefoot (173.86 bodyweights per second [BW/s]) and in the minimal shoe (138.71 BW/s) compared with the traditional shoe (78.06 BW/s), (<i>P</i> < 0.01). There were significant differences between shoe conditions for knee flexion at initial contact (<i>P</i> < 0.01), knee sagittal plane excursion (<i>P</i> < 0.01), peak dorsiflexion (<i>P</i> < 0.01), and dorsiflexion at initial contact (<i>P</i> = 0.03). No participants displayed a forefoot-strike during this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The introduction of barefoot and minimalist running in habitually shod youth significantly affected the running biomechanics of youth and caused immediate alterations in both lower extremity kinematics and vGRFs. Running barefoot or in minimal shoes dramatically increased the AVLR, which has been associated with injury, compared with a traditional shoe.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of footwear on overground running biomechanics, including AVLR, in pre- and early-adolescent youth males. Based on our findings, clinicians should exercise caution in barefoot or minimal shoe transition among young, habitually shod, runners due to the immediate and dramatic increases in AVLRs.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54276,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"913-919\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11531011/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381231215070\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2023/12/10 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SPORT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381231215070","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/12/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of Footwear Selection on Youth Running Biomechanics: A Pilot Study.
Background: The relationship of running biomechanics, footwear, and injury has been studied extensively in adults. There has been little research on the effects of footwear on running biomechanics in youth.
Hypothesis: Running biomechanics of youth will be significantly affected by changes in footwear. Minimal shoe running will demonstrate similarities to barefoot.
Study design: Crossover study design: randomized trial.
Level of evidence: Level 2.
Methods: A total of 14 active male youth (8-12 years old) participants with no previous exposure to minimalist shoes or barefoot running had running biomechanics (lower extremity sagittal plane kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces [vGRFs]) collected and analyzed in 3 footwear conditions (barefoot, traditional, and minimal shoe).
Results: The average vertical loading rate (AVLR) was significantly greater running barefoot (173.86 bodyweights per second [BW/s]) and in the minimal shoe (138.71 BW/s) compared with the traditional shoe (78.06 BW/s), (P < 0.01). There were significant differences between shoe conditions for knee flexion at initial contact (P < 0.01), knee sagittal plane excursion (P < 0.01), peak dorsiflexion (P < 0.01), and dorsiflexion at initial contact (P = 0.03). No participants displayed a forefoot-strike during this study.
Conclusion: The introduction of barefoot and minimalist running in habitually shod youth significantly affected the running biomechanics of youth and caused immediate alterations in both lower extremity kinematics and vGRFs. Running barefoot or in minimal shoes dramatically increased the AVLR, which has been associated with injury, compared with a traditional shoe.
Clinical relevance: This study evaluated the effects of footwear on overground running biomechanics, including AVLR, in pre- and early-adolescent youth males. Based on our findings, clinicians should exercise caution in barefoot or minimal shoe transition among young, habitually shod, runners due to the immediate and dramatic increases in AVLRs.
期刊介绍：
Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach is an indispensable resource for all medical professionals involved in the training and care of the competitive or recreational athlete, including primary care physicians, orthopaedic surgeons, physical therapists, athletic trainers and other medical and health care professionals.
Published bimonthly, Sports Health is a collaborative publication from the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM), the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA), and the Sports Physical Therapy Section (SPTS).
The journal publishes review articles, original research articles, case studies, images, short updates, legal briefs, editorials, and letters to the editor.
Topics include:
-Sports Injury and Treatment
-Care of the Athlete
-Athlete Rehabilitation
-Medical Issues in the Athlete
-Surgical Techniques in Sports Medicine
-Case Studies in Sports Medicine
-Images in Sports Medicine
-Legal Issues
-Pediatric Athletes
-General Sports Trauma
-Sports Psychology
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