亚马逊克拉通胡伊纳地区的钻石来源:金伯利型火成岩金伯利岩的纹理和矿物化学特征

IF 1.4 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Mineralogy and Petrology Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI:10.1007/s00710-023-00849-8
Izaac Cabral-Neto, Excelso Ruberti, David Graham Pearson, Yan Luo, Rogério G. Azzone, Francisco V. Silveira, Vidyã V. Almeida
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引用次数: 0

摘要

胡伊纳是巴西第二大钻石产地,因其出色的岩石圈下钻石矿藏而闻名于世,这些矿藏既有块状矿藏,也有金伯利岩矿藏。然而,Juína 金伯利岩管的岩石学数据非常稀少,这阻碍了人们对该地区主要钻石来源的性质和地幔来源的了解。在此,我们对胡伊纳地区的十个金伯利岩管进行了纹理和矿物学研究。根据岩相特征和矿物成分,我们将所研究的胡伊纳岩管解释为典型的金伯利岩管,其热成岩喷出方式充满了重沉积火山岩金伯利岩和金伯利型热成岩金伯利岩变体。岩浆相的成分和质地,尤其是尖晶石和辉绿岩,表明它们是从严格意义上的金伯利岩岩浆中结晶出来的。地幔异晶岩组中存在高Na夕长榴辉岩,而不存在高Cr低Ca G10榴辉岩,这表明在Juína岩石圈金刚石群中可能存在夕长金刚石。橄榄岩石榴石中的 Zr 和 Y 含量、Ti/Eu 和 Zr/Hf 比值,以及霞石中的 Zr 含量、Ca/Al、LaN/YbN(原始-地幔归一化)、Ti/Eu 和 Zr/Hf 比值,都表明与金伯利岩熔体相关的地幔变质作用有着密切的联系。热压计算表明,Juína 地区岩石圈金刚石的稳定性窗口相对较窄(825-936 ºC 和 32-36 kbar)。我们的发现对该地区的钻石勘探计划具有重要意义,它揭示了胡伊纳钻石的主要来源,有助于了解亚马逊克拉通下面岩石圈地幔的深层地质过程。
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Diamond sources of the Juína region, Amazonian craton: textural and mineral chemical characteristics of Kimberley-type pyroclastic kimberlites

Juína is the second-largest diamond-producing municipality in Brazil and is globally known for its outstanding sublithospheric diamond occurrences in both placer and kimberlite-hosted deposits. However, the scarcity of petrological data for Juína kimberlite pipes hampers understanding the nature and mantle source of these primary diamond sources in this region. Here, we present a textural and mineralogical study of ten kimberlite pipes from the Juína area. Based on petrographic features and mineral compositions, we interpret the studied Juína pipes as archetypal kimberlites with pyroclastic emplacement styles filled with resedimented volcaniclastic kimberlite and Kimberley-type pyroclastic kimberlite variants. The composition and texture of the magmatic phases, particularly spinel and phlogopite, suggest crystallisation from kimberlite sensu stricto magmas. The presence of high-Na eclogitic garnets and the absence of high-Cr low-Ca G10 garnets within the mantle xenocryst suite suggest the likelihood of eclogitic diamonds among Juína's lithospheric diamond populations. The Zr and Y contents, Ti/Eu and Zr/Hf ratios in the peridotite garnets, and Zr contents, Ca/Al, LaN/YbN (primitive-mantle normalised), Ti/Eu, and Zr/Hf ratios in the clinopyroxenes suggest a solid connection to kimberlite melt-related mantle metasomatism. Thermobarometry calculations indicate a relatively narrow stability window (825–936 ºC and 32–36 kbar) for lithospheric diamonds in the Juína region. Our findings have important implications for regional diamond exploration programs, shedding light on the primary sources of Juína's diamonds and contributing to understanding the deep geological processes in the underlying lithospheric mantle beneath the Amazonian craton.

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来源期刊
Mineralogy and Petrology
Mineralogy and Petrology 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Mineralogy and Petrology welcomes manuscripts from the classical fields of mineralogy, igneous and metamorphic petrology, geochemistry, crystallography, as well as their applications in academic experimentation and research, materials science and engineering, for technology, industry, environment, or society. The journal strongly promotes cross-fertilization among Earth-scientific and applied materials-oriented disciplines. Purely descriptive manuscripts on regional topics will not be considered. Mineralogy and Petrology was founded in 1872 by Gustav Tschermak as "Mineralogische und Petrographische Mittheilungen". It is one of Europe''s oldest geoscience journals. Former editors include outstanding names such as Gustav Tschermak, Friedrich Becke, Felix Machatschki, Josef Zemann, and Eugen F. Stumpfl.
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