Improved measurement of the light attenuation length of a high-quality linear alkylbenzene for the JUNO experiment

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment is the next-generation neutrino experiment that aims at exploring the neutrino mass hierarchy problem. Located 700m underground in Jiangmen, China, JUNO’s central detector is an acrylic sphere filled with 20kt of liquid scintillator with linear alkylbenzene (LAB) as solvent. To achieve the unprecedented energy resolution of σE/E⩽3%, the LAB used in JUNO is required for excellent transparency at the wavelength around 430nm. In cooperation with Jinling Petrochemical (Nanjing), the newly developed LAB shows an improved attenuation length. The resulting transparency of the LAB requires higher sensitivity in measurement. We have, therefore, upgraded the apparatus and the analysis method for higher precision. In this article, we present the upgraded apparatus and the analysis on improving the measurement error. Among the many new samples, the type NJ66 yields an attenuation length of approximately 30m. The analysis has applied statistical methods with Monte Carlo simulations. A new model is proposed to account for the deviations between data and the Beer–Lambert model. The long attenuation length of LAB observed in this study suggests feasibility to reach the goal on energy resolution required by JUNO.