不仅仅是匹配将 "适合 "作为招聘决策的工具

IF 4.4 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI:10.1177/07308884231214279
Beth Nichols, David S. Pedulla, Jeff T. Sheng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

适合 "这一概念对于理解招聘决策和劳动力市场结果已变得十分重要。社会科学家已经探讨了在招聘过程中,"适合 "是如何作为一种合法的评价标准来匹配候选人和工作岗位的,而对于 "适合 "是如何作为一种招聘工具,在招聘决策不能或不应该合理时帮助决策的,则知之甚少。通过对 53 位招聘专家的深入访谈,我们提出了一个理论论点,即招聘专家可以将 "适合度 "作为一种工具来规避合法化的招聘标准,并证明其招聘目标的合理性。具体而言,我们展示了招聘专家如何在无法或不应该证明其招聘决定合理的情况下,利用 "匹配度 "作为解释其招聘决定的工具,并概述了这一过程的两种机制:(1)将 "匹配度 "作为规避人力资本问题的工具;(2)将 "匹配度 "作为规避基于社会特征的招聘政策的工具。我们认为,"匹配度 "不仅仅是个人与职位匹配的评价标准。招聘专业人员将 "合适 "作为一种工具,在不确定性和约束条件下为其决策提供依据。因此,当这些招聘决定无法通过合法手段来证明其合理性时,"适合度 "就成了一个占位符。我们的研究结果揭示了在招聘过程中使用 "匹配度 "的一些潜在负面影响,并对 "匹配度 "在不平等和劳动力市场研究中的作用提出了重要的理论见解。
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More Than a Match: “Fit” as a Tool in Hiring Decisions
The concept of “fit” has become important for understanding hiring decisions and labor market outcomes. While social scientists have explored how fit functions as a legitimized evaluative criterion to match candidates to jobs in the hiring process, less is known about how fit functions as a hiring tool to aid in decision-making when hiring decisions cannot—or should not—be justified. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 53 hiring professionals, we develop a theoretical argument that hiring professionals can use fit as a tool to circumvent legitimized hiring criteria and justify their hiring goals. Specifically, we show how hiring professionals use fit as a tool to explain their hiring decisions when these decisions cannot or should not be justified and we outline two mechanisms through which this process occurs: (1) fit as a tool for circumventing human capital concerns, and (2) fit as a tool to circumvent hiring policies based upon social characteristics. We argue that fit is more than an evaluative criterion for matching individuals to jobs. Hiring professionals deploy fit as a tool to justify their decisions amid uncertainty and constraint. Fit, then, becomes a placeholder when these hiring decisions are not able to be justified through legitimized means. Our findings reveal some of the potential negative consequences of using fit during the hiring process and contribute important theoretical insights about the role of fit in scholarship on inequality and labor markets.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
24.10%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: For over 30 years, Work and Occupations has published rigorous social science research on the human dynamics of the workplace, employment, and society from an international, interdisciplinary perspective. Work and Occupations provides you with a broad perspective on the workplace, examining international approaches to work-related issues as well as insights from scholars in a variety of fields, including: anthropology, demography, education, government administration, history, industrial relations, labour economics, management, psychology, and sociology. In addition to regular features including research notes, review essays, and book reviews.
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