Cardiovascular effects of diluted intracameral combination of 0.02% tropicamide, 0.31% phenylephrine, and 1% lidocaine during phacoemulsification to manage intraoperative miosis

Intracameral mydriatic agents (ICMAs) are replacing the conventional method of topical mydriasis for its fast action and no need for repeated instillation before cataract surgery. Its application for the management of intraoperative miosis needs to be studied with different doses of mydriatic agent. The objective of the study is to study cardiovascular effects of diluted intracameral combination of 0.02% tropicamide, 0.31% phenylephrine, and 1% lidocaine during phacoemulsification to manage intraoperative miosis. The study was conducted at Mojiram Lions Eye Hospital Akbarpur Majra village, Palla Bakhtawarpur Road, Delhi, during the year 2021–2022 after taking approval from the Ethical Committee of the hospital. Patients undergoing cataract surgery who were not dilated adequately during the preoperative period or developed intraoperative miosis were managed by injecting diluted intracameral combination of 0.02% tropicamide, 0.31% phenylephrine, and 1% lidocaine (phenocaine plus). 0.5 ml of phenocaine plus was diluted with 1.5 ml of ringer lactate solution and 0.50 ml of this solution was injected intracameral and its effect on pulse rate, blood pressure (BP), and oxygen saturation were monitored continuously on pulse oximeter. There was no statistically significant effect of diluted ICMA (Phenocaine Plus) on diastolic BP and oxygen saturation. However, systolic BP showed a little change from mean of 133.78 (standard deviation [SD] =16.04) mmHg to 133.92 (SD = 15.33) mmHg which was statistically significant but clinically not significant. Pulse rate increased slightly from mean 76.46 per minutes (SD = 15.14) to 79.40 (SD = 14.95) at 10 s and 76.49 (SD = 15.15) at 60 s. The difference was again statistically significant but clinically insignificant. Low concentration of intracameral combination of 0.02% tropicamide, 0.31% phenylephrine, and 1% lidocaine is a very safe and effective method for the management of intraoperative miosis.