Ethan Waisberg, Joshua Ong, Phani Paladugu, Sharif Amit Kamran, Nasif Zaman, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G Lee
{"title":"长期太空飞行的辐射诱发眼科风险:目前的调查和干预措施。","authors":"Ethan Waisberg, Joshua Ong, Phani Paladugu, Sharif Amit Kamran, Nasif Zaman, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G Lee","doi":"10.1177/11206721231221584","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As the average duration of space missions increases, astronauts will experience longer periods of exposure to risks of long duration space flight including microgravity and radiation. The risks from long-term exposure to space radiation remains ill-defined. We review the current literature on the possible and known risks of radiation on the eye (including radiation retinopathy) after long duration spaceflight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PubMed and Google Scholar search of the English language ophthalmic literature was performed from inception to July 11, 2022. The following search terms were utilized independently or in conjunction to build this manuscript: \"Radiation Retinopathy\", \"Spaceflight\", \"Space Radiation\", \"Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome\", \"Microgravity\", \"Hypercapnia\", \"Radiation Shield\", \"Cataract\", and \"SANS\". A concise and selective approach of references was conducted in including relevant original studies and reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 65 papers were reviewed and 47 papers were included in our review.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We discuss the potential and developing countermeasures to mitigate these radiation risks in preparation for future space exploration. Given the complex nature of space radiation, no single approach will fully reduce the risks of developing radiation maculopathy in long-duration spaceflight. Understanding and appropriately overcoming the risks of space radiation is key to becoming a multi-planetary species.</p>","PeriodicalId":12000,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Radiation-induced ophthalmic risks of long duration spaceflight: Current investigations and interventions.\",\"authors\":\"Ethan Waisberg, Joshua Ong, Phani Paladugu, Sharif Amit Kamran, Nasif Zaman, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G Lee\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/11206721231221584\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As the average duration of space missions increases, astronauts will experience longer periods of exposure to risks of long duration space flight including microgravity and radiation. The risks from long-term exposure to space radiation remains ill-defined. We review the current literature on the possible and known risks of radiation on the eye (including radiation retinopathy) after long duration spaceflight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PubMed and Google Scholar search of the English language ophthalmic literature was performed from inception to July 11, 2022. The following search terms were utilized independently or in conjunction to build this manuscript: \\\"Radiation Retinopathy\\\", \\\"Spaceflight\\\", \\\"Space Radiation\\\", \\\"Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome\\\", \\\"Microgravity\\\", \\\"Hypercapnia\\\", \\\"Radiation Shield\\\", \\\"Cataract\\\", and \\\"SANS\\\". A concise and selective approach of references was conducted in including relevant original studies and reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 65 papers were reviewed and 47 papers were included in our review.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We discuss the potential and developing countermeasures to mitigate these radiation risks in preparation for future space exploration. Given the complex nature of space radiation, no single approach will fully reduce the risks of developing radiation maculopathy in long-duration spaceflight. Understanding and appropriately overcoming the risks of space radiation is key to becoming a multi-planetary species.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12000,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Journal of Ophthalmology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Journal of Ophthalmology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/11206721231221584\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2023/12/27 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"OPHTHALMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Journal of Ophthalmology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11206721231221584","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/12/27 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"OPHTHALMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Radiation-induced ophthalmic risks of long duration spaceflight: Current investigations and interventions.
Purpose: As the average duration of space missions increases, astronauts will experience longer periods of exposure to risks of long duration space flight including microgravity and radiation. The risks from long-term exposure to space radiation remains ill-defined. We review the current literature on the possible and known risks of radiation on the eye (including radiation retinopathy) after long duration spaceflight.
Methods: A PubMed and Google Scholar search of the English language ophthalmic literature was performed from inception to July 11, 2022. The following search terms were utilized independently or in conjunction to build this manuscript: "Radiation Retinopathy", "Spaceflight", "Space Radiation", "Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome", "Microgravity", "Hypercapnia", "Radiation Shield", "Cataract", and "SANS". A concise and selective approach of references was conducted in including relevant original studies and reviews.
Results: A total of 65 papers were reviewed and 47 papers were included in our review.
Conclusion: We discuss the potential and developing countermeasures to mitigate these radiation risks in preparation for future space exploration. Given the complex nature of space radiation, no single approach will fully reduce the risks of developing radiation maculopathy in long-duration spaceflight. Understanding and appropriately overcoming the risks of space radiation is key to becoming a multi-planetary species.
期刊介绍:
The European Journal of Ophthalmology was founded in 1991 and is issued in print bi-monthly. It publishes only peer-reviewed original research reporting clinical observations and laboratory investigations with clinical relevance focusing on new diagnostic and surgical techniques, instrument and therapy updates, results of clinical trials and research findings.