战略导向与企业绩效之间的关系以及创新的作用:对理论模型的元分析评估

Juan David Reyes-Gómez, Pilar López, Josep Rialp
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文旨在评估两种理论方法的有效性和实用性,以理解战略导向、创新和企业绩效之间的关系,并在避免循环论证的同时研究创新在这一关系中的作用。普遍性方法认为,战略导向对企业绩效具有独立和平行的影响,而创新并不影响这种关系。研究结果表明,整体性方法更胜一筹,因为它能通过同时产生的直接和间接影响,将更复杂的关系联系起来,并能将战略导向的相互关联性和互补性包括在内。研究发现,创新在创业导向(EO)与企业绩效之间的关系中起完全中介作用,在市场导向(MO)和学习导向(LO)与企业绩效之间的关系中起部分中介作用。然而,由于元分析的性质,因果推断是不可能的。实际意义管理者可以通过采用全面的战略导向视角来提高组织在市场中的成功机会,重点关注客户满意度、从外部环境中学习以及寻求新的市场机会。此外,组织还可以通过创新来获得竞争优势,创造出不同于市场上现有产品和服务的产品和服务。要想取得成功,企业不仅要创造创新产品和服务,还要有效地向消费者推销这些产品和服务。原创性/价值本研究首次对两个理论模型的解释价值进行了元分析评估,这两个模型将战略导向、创新和企业绩效联系在一起。研究还阐明了创新在战略导向与企业绩效之间关系中的作用。
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The relationship between strategic orientations and firm performance and the role of innovation: a meta-analytic assessment of theoretical models

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to assess the validity and utility of two theoretical approaches to understanding the relationship between strategic orientations, innovation and firm performance and to examine the role of innovation in the relationship while avoiding circular arguments. The universalistic approach suggests that strategic orientations have independent and parallel effects on firms’ performance, and that innovation does not influence this relationship. The holistic approach proposes that strategic orientations in a complementary and interrelated view have both direct and indirect effects on firms’ performance through innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

A meta-analytic path analysis applying two-stage structural equation modeling (TSSEM) was conducted on data from 132 primary studies and 33,063 observations.

Findings

The holistic approach was demonstrated to be superior due to its more explanatory power in linking more complex relationships through simultaneous direct and indirect effects and its capacity for including the interrelatedness and complementarity of strategic orientations. It was found that innovation has a full mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance, and a partial mediating role in the relationship between market orientation (MO) and learning orientation (LO) and firm performance.

Research limitations/implications

The study used observed variables instead of latent variables for meta-analytic path analysis, which may reduce some sources of endogeneity. However, causal inference is not possible due to the nature of meta-analysis. The scope of the final sample was limited by some studies not reporting the estimates of correlations between constructs.

Practical implications

Managers can improve an organization's chances of success in the marketplace by adopting a holistic view of strategic orientations focusing on customer satisfaction, learning from the external environment and pursuing new market opportunities. Furthermore, an organization can gain a competitive advantage through innovation by creating products and services that are different from what is currently available in the market. To be successful, an organization must not only create innovative products and services but also market them effectively to consumers.

Originality/value

This study is the first to meta-analytically assess the explanatory value of two theorized models linking strategic orientations, innovation and firm performance. It also clarifies the role of innovation in the relationship between strategic orientations and firm performance.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
16.40%
发文量
94
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research (IJEBR) has a unique focus on publishing original research related to the human and social dynamics of entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial management in small and growing organizations. The journal has an international perspective on entrepreneurship and publishes conceptual papers and empirical studies which bring together issues of interest to academic researchers and educators, policy-makers and practitioners worldwide.The editorial team encourages high-quality submissions which advance the study of human and behavioural dimensions of entrepreneurship and smaller organizations. Examples of topics which illustrate the scope of the journal are provided below. Topicality Nascent entrepreneurship and new venture creation Management development and learning in smaller businesses Enterprise and entrepreneurship education, learning and careers Entrepreneurial psychology and cognition Management and transition in smaller, growing and family-owned enterprises Corporate entrepreneurship and venturing Entrepreneurial teams, management and organizations Social, sustainable and informal entrepreneurship National and international policy, historical and cultural studies in entrepreneurship Gender, minority and ethnic entrepreneurship Innovative research methods and theoretical development in entrepreneurship Resourcing and managing innovation in entrepreneurial ventures.
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