Angeliki G Filippatou, Peter A Calabresi, Shiv Saidha, Olwen C Murphy
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Spotlight on Trans-Synaptic Degeneration in the Visual Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis.
A putative mechanism of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS) is trans-synaptic degeneration (TSD), whereby injury to a neuron leads to degeneration of synaptically connected neurons. The visual system is commonly involved in MS and provides an ideal model to study TSD given its well-defined structure. TSD may occur in an anterograde direction (optic neuropathy causing degeneration in the posterior visual pathway including the optic radiations and occipital gray matter) and/or retrograde direction (posterior visual pathway lesions causing retinal degeneration). In the current review, we discuss evidence supporting the presence of anterograde and retrograde TSD in the visual system in MS.
期刊介绍：
Eye and Brain is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on basic research, clinical findings, and expert reviews in the field of visual science and neuro-ophthalmology. The journal’s unique focus is the link between two well-known visual centres, the eye and the brain, with an emphasis on the importance of such connections. All aspects of clinical and especially basic research on the visual system are addressed within the journal as well as significant future directions in vision research and therapeutic measures. This unique journal focuses on neurological aspects of vision – both physiological and pathological. The scope of the journal spans from the cornea to the associational visual cortex and all the visual centers in between. Topics range from basic biological mechanisms to therapeutic treatment, from simple organisms to humans, and utilizing techniques from molecular biology to behavior. The journal especially welcomes primary research articles or review papers that make the connection between the eye and the brain. Specific areas covered in the journal include: Physiology and pathophysiology of visual centers, Eye movement disorders and strabismus, Cellular, biochemical, and molecular features of the visual system, Structural and functional organization of the eye and of the visual cortex, Metabolic demands of the visual system, Diseases and disorders with neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, Clinical and experimental neuro-ophthalmology and visual system pathologies, Epidemiological studies.
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