教会建设中的地质多样性:里约热内卢市的地质旅游路线

IF 2.3 2区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Geoheritage Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI:10.1007/s12371-023-00912-y
Rosana Elisa Coppedê Silva, Márcia Aparecida Reis Polck, Hermínio Ismael de Araújo-Júnior
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引用次数: 0

摘要

教堂地质旅游是城市地质旅游的一个分支,因为基督教教堂通常都是用各种尺寸的石头建造的。地质遗产和所发现的岩石类型的地质科学传播可以揭示空间的历史、建筑和文化信息。因此,本研究描述了里约热内卢市十座教堂所使用的石材,并由此形成了一条教堂地质旅游路线。此外,还研究了这些石头的风化信息。这十座教堂是根据岩石多样性、化石含量以及历史和文化方面的因素选定的。发现的主要石材有石灰岩(利奥兹、罗索-维罗纳、内格罗-德-梅门-马丁斯、波提契诺)、大理石(雅卡兰达、卡拉拉、巴迪格里奥)、奥长片麻岩(格奈斯面状)和鳞片岩。化石内容包括裸子植物(Radiolitides 和 Caprinula)、腹足类(Neoptyxis)、氨类(Hildoceras)、叠层石和单生珊瑚。在这些石头上观察到的主要问题有:自然风化、污染和酸雨(石灰岩外墙)、盐渗出、生物繁殖、黑壳、基质流失、涂鸦以及边角的机械断裂。通过宣传这些建筑中存在的地质多样性,可以为这些空间提供一种新的方法,为里约热内卢市增加更多的地质旅游价值。
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Geodiversity in Ecclesiastical Construction: a Geotourism Itinerary in the City of Rio de Janeiro

Ecclesiastical geotourism is a branch of urban geotourism since Christian churches have been typically constructed with a wide variety of dimension stones. The geological heritage and the geoscientific dissemination of the lithological types found can reveal information about the spaces’ history, architecture, and culture. As a result, the present study describes the stones used in ten churches in the city of Rio de Janeiro, resulting in an ecclesiastical geotourism itinerary. In addition, information about the weathering of these stones was also studied. The ten churches were selected based on rock diversity, fossil content, and historical and cultural aspects. The primary stones found were limestone (Lioz, Rosso Verona, Negro de Mem Martins, Botticcino), marbles (Jacarandá, Carrara, Bardiglio), augen gneiss (Gnaisse Facoidal), and Leptinite. The fossil content includes rudists (Radiolitides and Caprinula), gastropods (Neoptyxis), ammonoids (Hildoceras), stromatolites, and solitary corals. The main problems observed in the stones were natural weathering over time, pollution and acid rain (on limestone façades), salt efflorescence, biological colonization, black crusts, loss of matrix, graffiti, and mechanical breaks of edges and corners. By disseminating the geodiversity present in these structures, it will be possible to obtain a new approach to these spaces, adding more geotourism value to the city of Rio de Janeiro.

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来源期刊
Geoheritage
Geoheritage GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
34.50%
发文量
107
期刊介绍: The Geoheritage journal is an international journal dedicated to discussing all aspects of our global geoheritage, both in situ and portable. The journal will invite all contributions on the conservation of sites and materials - use, protection and practical heritage management - as well as its interpretation through education, training and tourism. The journal wishes to cover all aspects of geoheritage and its protection. Key topics are: - Identification, characterisation, quantification and management of geoheritage; - Geodiversity and geosites; - On-site science, geological and geomorphological research: - Global scientific heritage - key scientific geosites, GSSPs, stratotype conservation and management; - Scientific research and education, and the promotion of the geosciences thereby; - Conventions, statute and legal instruments, national and international; - Integration of biodiversity and geodiversity in nature conservation and land-use policies; - Geological heritage and Environmental Impact Assessment studies; - Geological heritage, sustainable development, community action, practical initiatives and tourism; - Geoparks: creation, management and outputs; - Conservation in the natural world, Man-made and natural impacts, climate change; - Geotourism definitions, methodologies, and case studies; - International mechanisms for conservation and popularisation - World Heritage Sites, National Parks etc.; - Materials, data and people important in the history of science, museums, collections and all portable geoheritage; - Education and training of geoheritage specialists; - Pedagogical use of geological heritage - publications, teaching media, trails, centres, on-site museums; - Linking the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005- 2014) with geoconservation.
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