Gene Therapy of Malignant Tumor: A Challenge but a Promising Way

The study of gene therapy for malignant tumors is a rapidly developing area that shows great potential in the battle against cancer. Although it has the capacity for success, tackling the complexity and variety of tumor biology remains a substantial obstacle. Several approaches have been investigated to address this problem, including the use of viral vector-based gene delivery systems, non-viral techniques such as nanoparticles and electroporation, and genome editing technologies like CRISPR-Cas9. These treatments seek to alter the genetic material of tumor cells in order to either impede their growth or trigger cell death. Nevertheless, there exist substantial obstacles that must be surmounted prior to the regular implementation of gene therapy in clinical settings. These factors include assuring precise targeting, minimizing unintended consequences, optimizing the transport of therapeutic genes into tumor cells, and controlling immune responses to the vectors used. To overcome these problems, it will be necessary to establish interdisciplinary alliances and conduct thorough preclinical research to guarantee both safety and effectiveness. However, due to the tremendous progress in molecular biology and gene editing technology, gene therapy has significant potential as a new method for effectively treating malignant tumors.