根据超声波数据分析儿童肾脏的形态参数

B. T. Kurtusunov, I. A. Usmanov, M. N. Trizno
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摘要

目的根据超声波数据确定儿童肾脏形态指标的特征,具体取决于身高和年龄。根据 280 名 0 至 16 岁男女儿童的超声波检查方案,确定儿童肾脏的形态指标。研究显示,在所有研究的儿童群体中,左肾的长度都大于右肾。身高在 60-90 厘米和 150-170 厘米时,肾脏长度的增长最为明显。在分析肾脏长度增长的性别差异时发现,当儿童身高在 60 至 90 厘米之间时,男孩和女孩的肾脏都会出现第一次 "跳跃式 "增长,而且两个肾芽的增长速度相同。肾脏长度增长的第二次 "跳跃 "出现在身高 130-160 厘米和 140-170 厘米时。肾脏长度的这些变化与儿童出生后头三年的密集生长以及青春期的开始和进程相吻合。根据获得的数据显示,肾脏参数的最显著增长发生在出生后的第一年。因此,在出生后的第一年,肾脏的长度和宽度增加了 20%,厚度增加了 10%。到了第四年,平均身高(100 厘米)的肾脏长度和宽度又比原来增加了 20%,厚度增加了 32%。
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Analysis of morphometric parameters of children’s kidneys according to ultrasound data
Objective. To identify the features of morphometric indicators of children’s kidneys according to ultrasound data, depending on height and age.Materials and methods. Morphometric indicators of the kidneys of children, according to ultrasound examination protocols of 280 male and female children aged 0 to 16 years.Results. The study revealed that in all studied groups of children, the length of the left kidney was greater than the right. The most intensive increase in length occurs at heights of 60–90 cm and 150–170 cm. When analyzing gender differences in kidney growth in length, it was found that in both girls and boys the first “jump” in kidney growth is observed when the length of children is from 60 to 90 cm, and both buds grow at the same rate. The second “jump” in the increase in kidney length occurs at heights of 130–160 cm and 140– 170 cm. These changes in kidney length coincide with the intensive growth of the child in the first three years of life, and then with the onset and course of puberty. Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that the most significant increase in kidney parameters occurs in the first year of life. Thus, by the year of life, the length and width of the kidney increased by 20 %, and thickness by 10 %. By the 4th year of life, with average height (100 cm), length and width increased by another 20 %, and thickness by 32 % from the original.
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