制作绞索:在 K.R. Meera 的《女刽子手》中强调脆弱性、复原力和暴力

Pragya Dev, Binod Mishra, Iit Roorkee
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摘要

当代对女性形象的描述充斥着暴力、统治和征服的形象。女性通常被视为弱势群体,不断受到父权制和性别暴力的侵害。然而,脆弱是人类的本体论条件,可以产生多种反应--虐待、爱、混乱、暴力、慷慨和蔑视--使人类生活岌岌可危。正如 K. R. Meera 的《女刽子手》(Hangwoman,2014 年)所展示的那样,在印度的语境下,这种不稳定性使人类暴露在种姓、阶级、地区和宗教等恶性制度下的各种暴力实践中。由于拥有数百年的刽子手血统,Grddha Mullicks 在母亲的子宫里就开始制作绞索。切特娜是家族中的第一位刽子手,因为哥哥惨遭截肢,她才成为家族对国家责任的继承者。在精明的媒体镜头和父权制的操纵下,小说中描绘的构建新女性主义风格的 "家庭天使 "的斗争引发了关于肉体脆弱性的尖锐问题。本文审视了社会对脆弱性的处理方式,并探讨了萦绕在书页中的身体暴力、人际暴力和认识暴力。文章在审视小说人物的不稳定性的同时,进一步对媒体与身份的关系进行了细微的探讨。
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Making of Nooses: Accentuating Vulnerability, Resilience, and Violence in K.R. Meera’s Hangwoman
Contemporary descriptions of female embodiment are rife with images of violence, domination, and subjugation. Often bracketed as vulnerable, women are constantly subjected to patriarchal and gendered violence. Vulnerability, however, is an ontological condition of humanity and can yield multifarious responses – abuse, love, disarray, violence, generosity, and contempt – making human life precarious. This precariousness, when situated in the Indian context, exposes humans to varied practices of violence enmeshed in vicious systems of caste, class, region, and religion as demonstrated in K. R. Meera’s Hangwoman (2014). Owing to their centuries-old lineage of hangmen, Grddha Mullicks began making nooses right away in their mother’s wombs. Chetna, the first hangwoman in her family, is staged as the successor to her familial duty to the Nation only because of her brother’s tragic amputation of limbs. Subjected to a shrewd media lens and patriarchal manipulation, the struggle of constructing a new-feminist-styled ‘angel of the house’ depicted in the novel whirls poignant questions to corporeal vulnerability. This article scrutinises the societal treatment of vulnerability and explores physical, interpersonal, and epistemic violence haunting the book’s pages. It further adds nuances to the engagement of media and identity while examining the precarity of the novel’s characters.
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