A Grade Control Method without Sampling Preparation Based on Spectrometric Techniques and the Use of Electronic Detonators in an Open Pit Tungsten Deposit

grade control is crucial for ensuring that the quality of extracted ore aligns with the geological model and mining plan. this process optimises production, reduces dilution, and maximises profits. It involves geological modelling, sampling, assaying, and data analysis. However, adhering to short-term planning in mining operations can be challenging due to operational bottlenecks that arise during the grade control process and blast design, along with their associated costs. Industry standards for grade control require acquiring extensive information and knowledge to achieve a high level of certainty, which takes time. despite that, time constraints may necessitate making decisions under risk with incomplete information. In such cases, it is important to consider the opportunities, risks, likelihood, consequences, and potential success associated with each alternative. this study presents the testing results of alternative quantitative analytical methods on samples from the barruecopardo tungsten deposit in Spain. Spectrometric techniques, including delayed gamma neutron Activation Analysis (dgnAA), laser-induced breakdown Spectroscopy (lIbS), and Field Portable X-ray Fluorescence (FPXRF), were employed to determine the tungsten content. based on the findings of this investigation, a real-time decision-making tool for grade control in open-pit mining has been developed. this tool utilises representative samples directly from the blasting debris, considering the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with the process.