Robin Dörrie, Martin David, Niklas Freund, D. Lowke, Klaus Dröder, H. Kloft
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To demonstrate the potential benefits for an automated reinforcement integration and to uncover further challenges and research questions, a wall segment was produced using a unique combination of Interlayer Reinforcement (ILR) and Short Rebar Insertion (SRI). By incorporating these methods, it was possible to generate three-dimensional continuous reinforcement structures within the wall. The innovative approach showcased takes full advantage of the SC3DP technique, enabling the integration of reinforcement during the printing process itself, thus utilising the geometric freedom, the fast build up rate and the kinetic energy during application. This eliminates the need for premanufactured reinforcement structures, enabling a more efficient and flexible manufacturing process. Furthermore, the discussion includes the potential for surface finishing and attainment of geometrical accuracy through the direct integration of reinforcement. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目前的增材制造技术通常采用水平层打印方法,适用于各种材料和应用。然而,这对公用设施、安装夹具、装置和钢筋的集成造成了限制。特别是在三维混凝土打印中整合钢筋仍然面临许多挑战。目前,它受到喷嘴与钢绞线距离、粘结质量、自动化程度以及相应 3D 混凝土打印技术的几何限制等因素的制约。以下研究介绍了利用喷射混凝土三维打印(SC3DP)技术进行混凝土建筑构件添加制造的案例研究,重点关注层间加固和短钢筋加固。为了展示自动加固集成的潜在优势,并揭示进一步的挑战和研究问题,我们使用层间加固(ILR)和短钢筋插入(SRI)的独特组合制作了一段墙体。通过采用这些方法,可以在墙体中生成三维连续加固结构。所展示的创新方法充分利用了 SC3DP 技术的优势,在打印过程中实现了加固的整合,从而利用了几何自由度、快速成型率和应用过程中的动能。这样就不需要预制加固结构,从而实现了更高效、更灵活的制造工艺。此外,还讨论了通过直接集成钢筋进行表面处理和实现几何精度的潜力。展望未来,建筑构件可在无模板和高几何自由度的情况下进行结构加固。
In-Process Integration of Reinforcement for Construction Elements During Shotcrete 3D Printing
The current state of the art for additive manufacturing often utilises horizontal layer printing approaches for a variety of materials and applications. However, it imposes restrictions on the integration of utilities, mounting fixtures, installations, and reinforcement. Particularly the integration of reinforcement into 3D concrete printing still faces many challenges. It is currently restricted by the nozzle to strand distance, the lack of bond quality, automation, and geometric limitations of the respective 3D concrete printing techniques. The following research presents a case study on additively manufactured concrete construction elements utilising the Shotcrete 3D Printing (SC3DP) technique, focusing on interlayer- and short rebar reinforcement. To demonstrate the potential benefits for an automated reinforcement integration and to uncover further challenges and research questions, a wall segment was produced using a unique combination of Interlayer Reinforcement (ILR) and Short Rebar Insertion (SRI). By incorporating these methods, it was possible to generate three-dimensional continuous reinforcement structures within the wall. The innovative approach showcased takes full advantage of the SC3DP technique, enabling the integration of reinforcement during the printing process itself, thus utilising the geometric freedom, the fast build up rate and the kinetic energy during application. This eliminates the need for premanufactured reinforcement structures, enabling a more efficient and flexible manufacturing process. Furthermore, the discussion includes the potential for surface finishing and attainment of geometrical accuracy through the direct integration of reinforcement. An outlook is given as future construction elements can be produced structurally reinforced without formwork and with a high degree of geometric freedom.