PROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENTS TO THE METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE CALCULATED VALUES OF FIRE RISK AT INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES

Методика определения расчетных величин пожарного риска на производственных объектах была утверждена более десяти лет тому назад и за время ее применения хорошо зарекомендовала себя. Вместе с тем она не позволяет учитывать факторы, способные оказать влияние на безопасность людей, такие, как предел огнестойкости строительных конструкций на путях эвакуации, распределение вероятности эвакуации людей, или кумулятивный эффект, наблюдающийся при воздействии на эвакуирующихся людей опасных факторов пожара. Кроме того, данная Методика не распространяется на объекты с обращением радиоактивных веществ. В настоящей работе предлагается внести в Методику определения расчетных величин пожарного риска на производственных объектах изменения, позволяющие учесть указанные выше замечания. The fire risk value for production facilities is assessed in accordance with the “Methodology for determination the calculated fire risk values at industrial facilities” (approved by the Order of EMERCOM of Russia dated 10 July 2009 No. 404, the amandments were approved by the Order of the EMERCOM of Russia dated 14 December 2010 No. 649). The article indicates some of the most relevant, according to the authors' opinion, areas of elaboration of the methodology. The approaches that can be implemented to clarify and expand the scope of the methodology are described. The issues of the problems of fire risk assessment at facilities with the circulation of radioactive substances are indicated. At the same time, due to differences in the specifics of technological operations carried out at such facilities, a common approach for all these facilities is practically not considered. The issue of assessing the reliability of building structures in case of fire is considered separately. The approach proposed for introduction into the methodology is described. It is also proposed as an alternative, when assessing the critical duration of a fire by heat flow, to take into account the cumulative effect when people move along escape routes. The problems caused by the lack of information about the thermophysical and chemical parameters of many modern materials are formulated. It significantly reduces the correctness of calculations of the spread of fire hazards in buildings.