Backstepping Control of a Double-Stage Photovoltaic System Connected to the Tree-Phase Grid Under Partial Shading Conditions

This paper solves the problem of controlling maximum power in photovoltaic systems connected to the grid in order to track changes and meet energy demand. Our work focuses on two crucial objectives: i. extracting the maximum available power (MPPT) in case of partial shading, ii. unifying the power factor (FPU). To accomplish this, we integrated a non-linear backstepping controller to extract the Maximum Power Point (MPP) using the Particle Swarming Algorithm (PSO), influencing the duty cycle of the DC/DC converter. Additionally, we applied this approach to the three-phase voltage-source inverter for achieving a unified power factor (FPU). We validated the efficacy of the introduced system through modeling and simulation in MATLAB/Simulink. The controlled system’s asymptotic stability is demonstrated mathematically, and simulation results show that the controller has successfully accomplished all of its goals with excellent dynamic performance even in the partial shading conditions. The suggested controller also exhibits excellent robustness against system disturbances, which is its primary advantage over alternative control systems.