北非草原的植被动态(摩洛哥穆卢亚高原案例研究)

Mohammed El Madihi, S. Moukrim, S. Lahssini, Kamal Menzou, Mustapha Moukrim, Mohamed Ben Bammou, Abdessadeq Boudjaj, L. Rhazi
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摘要

摘要 北非草原地区是具有重要经济和生态意义的遗产。由于多种因素的影响,这些曾经繁荣一时的地区目前正在经历严重的退化和生产力下降。本研究的目的是评估草原植被的动态变化,确定造成这种变化的因素,并提出管理和恢复草原植被的前景。为确定气候和社会经济条件的特征以及分析植被动态而采用的方法将经典地理信息方法与数据挖掘方法相结合,调动了多个来源和重要时间跨度的数据。这项研究利用谷歌地球引擎平台进行了优化。研究结果表明,尽管草原地区的植被覆盖率较低,但其植物丰富且具有巨大的恢复潜力。对变化动态的分析突出表明,在研究期间(1995-2020 年),草原植被呈倒退趋势。这项研究强调了过去 26 年间研究地区草原的动态变化程度,并确定人类活动是草原地区目前正在经历的变化的主要诱因。这些结果增进了我们对这些地区的了解,并为其管理开辟了前景。
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Vegetation Dynamics of North African Steppe (Case Study of the Moulouya Plateau In Morocco)
Abstract The North African steppe areas represent a heritage of great economic and ecological importance. These areas, which were once prosperous, are currently experiencing significant degradation and a decrease in productivity due to several factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the steppe vegetation, identify the responsible factors, and present perspectives for their management and restoration. The methodological approach adopted for the characterization of climatic and socioeconomic conditions and the analysis of vegetation dynamics combined classical geomatics methods with a data mining method by mobilizing several sources and on important temporal horizons. This study was optimized by using the Google Earth Engine platform. Results showed that steppe areas are characterized by their plant richness and great potential for resilience despite their low vegetation cover. The analysis of the dynamics of change has highlighted a regressive trend in steppe vegetation during the study period (1995–2020). This study has been able to highlight the extent of the dynamics of the steppes in the study area during the last 26 years and to identify the human activity as the main trigger for the transformation that steppe areas are currently undergoing. Such results improve our knowledge of these areas and open perspectives for their management.
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