用于手稿着色的染料及其对纤维素降解的影响

Emel Akyol, Pınar Çakar Sevim
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摘要

摘要 手稿是最重要的文化遗产之一,它不仅包含重要信息,还提供了对其所处时代的社会、文化和经济状况的宝贵见解。由于内部和外部因素的影响,这些材料会随着时间的推移而退化。虽然对纯纤维素的老化过程或铁胆油墨对纤维素的影响进行了广泛的研究,但对染色纸张的劣化机制却知之甚少。在这项研究中,红花(Carthamus tinctorius L.)、沙棘(Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss)、姜黄(Curcuma longa L.)和洋葱皮(Allium cepa L.)植物以及胭脂虫(Dactylopius coccus Costa)提取物被用来对 Whatman 滤纸进行染色。然后对样品进行加速老化,以确定染料的长期影响。在老化前后测量了颜色、pH 值、粘度和糖苷键断裂率。洋葱皮染色纸的降解率最高,其次是苦楝、铜绿、红花和姜黄染色纸。明矾和单宁含量可能是造成降解的原因。这项工作的研究结果可为保存者提供有关染料对纤维素降解动力学影响的宝贵科学数据。
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Dyes Used for Colouring Manuscripts and Their Effect on Cellulose Degradation
Abstract Manuscripts are one of the most important cultural heritage objects that not only contain essential information, but also provide valuable insights into the social, cultural, and economic conditions of the era in which they were written. These materials are subject to degradation over time due to both internal and external factors. While ageing processes of pure cellulose or the effect of iron gall ink on cellulose have been studied extensively, there is little known about deterioration mechanisms in dyed paper. In this study, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), buckthorn (Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss), turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), and onion peel (Allium cepa L.) plants as well as cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus Costa) extracts were used to dye Whatman filter papers. Samples were then subjected to accelerated ageing to determine the long-term effects of the dyes. Colour, pH, viscosity, and glycosidic bond breakage rates were measured before and after ageing. Onion peel dyed paper exhibited the highest rates of degradation, followed by buckthorn, cochineal, safflower, and turmeric-dyed paper. The alum and tannin content may have caused the degradation. The findings of this work may provide conservators with valuable scientific data on the effect of dyes on the degradation kinetics of cellulose.
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Characteristics of Traditional Persian Lacquered Bindings and Specific Deterioration Issues Dyes Used for Colouring Manuscripts and Their Effect on Cellulose Degradation A Comparative Study of the Performance of Handmade Papers Used for Mounting in China, Korea, and Japan
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