研究坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆和多多马市儿童流落街头的根本原因

IF 1.8 Q2 SOCIOLOGY International Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI:10.47604/ijs.2200
Jeston Shitindi, Yinong Zhang, Adella Nyello
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:本文探讨了坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆和多多马市儿童流落街头的根本原因。 研究方法:研究采用定性方法。数据收集工具包括参与者访谈、关键信息提供者访谈和文件审查。 采用的研究范式是解释主义研究范式。选择这一范式的依据是,本研究希望深入了解收入贫困和家庭发展对儿童街头流浪的影响,并采用定性研究的性质。由于研究的定性性质,采用的研究方法是归纳研究法。研究对象包括生活在坦桑尼亚多多马市和达累斯萨拉姆市街头的流浪儿童,研究样本包括 38 名流浪儿童和 18 名主要信息提供者。 研究结果研究结果显示,收入、贫困和家庭无力满足儿童的基本需求,如食物、住所、衣服、教育和健康需求,是导致儿童流落街头的主要原因。研究结果也得到了脆弱性理论的支持。该理论说明了包括贫困在内的脆弱环境是如何导致某些社会后果的。根据这一理论,儿童的脆弱性有不同的解释,包括成为饥饿和无家可归的受害者,这被认为是弱势群体的一种特征。 对理论、实践和政策的独特贡献:脆弱性理论认识到,人类的持续脆弱性经历因生命历程、社会制度和法律的不同阶段而各异,这些阶段往往追踪着基于种族、性别、性、残疾和阶级的交叉形式的压迫。因此,脆弱性提供了一个启发式工具,用于揭示这些关系中包含的结构性特权和劣势,并提出重新调整这些关系的方法,以促进社会正义和减少不平等。建议地区行政部门和地方政府当局与其他利益攸关方合作,开展一项特别运动,将流落街头的儿童纳入教育系统,并促进家庭团聚。
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To Examine the Underpinning Factors Responsible for Child Streetism in Dar Es Salaam and Dodoma Cities, Tanzania
Purpose: This paper examines the underpinning factors responsible for child streetism in Dar es Salaam and Dodoma cities, Tanzania. Methodology: The study employed a qualitative method. Instruments for data collection included participants’ interviews, key informant interviews, and document review.  The adopted research paradigm was the interpretivism research paradigm. This paradigm was chosen on the basis that the study wanted to have in-depth information on the influence of income poverty and family development on child streetism adopting the qualitative nature of the research. The adopted research approach was the inductive research approach because of the qualitative nature of the study. The population consisted of street children living on the streets of Dodoma and Dar es Salaam cities in Tanzania while the study sample size included 38 street children and 18 key informants. Findings: The findings revealed that income, poverty, and Lack of family capacity to meet children’s basic needs such as food, shelter, clothes, education, and health needs were the main causes of child streetism. The study findings are also supported by the vulnerability theory. The theory shows how vulnerable environments including poverty may lead to certain social consequences. According to this theory, children’s vulnerability is explained in different ways including being victims of hunger and homelessness, which is considered an identity of a vulnerable population. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Vulnerability theory recognizes that the human experience of constant vulnerability varies as a result of stages in the life course, social institutions, and law, which often trace intersecting forms of oppression on the basis of race, gender, sexuality, disability, and class. Vulnerability thus provides a heuristic device for exposing the structural privilege and disadvantage enveloped in these relationships and suggests ways to readjust them in order to advance social justice and lessen inequality. It is recommended that the Regional Administrations and Local Government Authorities in collaboration with other stakeholders establish a special campaign to enroll street children into the education system and facilitate family reunification
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