A systematic literature review to explore sustainable energy development practices in Mozambique

This study thoroughly evaluates sustainable energy practices in Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. The authors meticulously detail the research tasks undertaken to achieve the primary objective of the study, including organizing articles by publication year, journal and conference papers; identifying the most frequently cited articles; and recognizing countries that have made significant contributions to the concept of sustainable energy. The study highlights the most relevant sustainable energy development practices for Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. Through rigorous analysis, six significant areas of sustainable energy development were identified, including renewable energy (RE) resources, environmental science, social sciences, computer science, management and accounting, and Earth and planetary sciences. The study used Scopus as the selected multidisciplinary peer-reviewed citation database on 20 February 2023, resulting in 76 publications. The study has been conducted nationwide for several months and thoroughly investigates various resources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy. It achieves this by evaluating and characterizing the power generation potential of each RE resource and, in addition, identifying and examining numerous projects at the technical and economic feasibility level to promote the potential of projects and the advantages of RE for the sustainable development of Mozambique. The findings indicate that for sustainable energy development in Mozambique, it is crucial to introduce more policies to support the effectiveness of RE systems while involving the private sector. To achieve this, measures such as reducing investment risks, guaranteeing investment returns and establishing a transparent regulatory framework are required. These steps will attract substantial investments, resolve conflicts and motivate key stakeholders to actively participate in the process.