Histological Evaluation of Skin Wound Healing After Using the Human Adipose Tissue-derived Stem Cells in Male Diabetic Rats

Background and Objectives The use of stem cells for skin wound healing is still facing serious challenges. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) spray in histologically improving skin wounds in male diabetic rats. Subjects and Methods In this experimental study, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adipose tissue and cultured and characterized by evaluating the expression of specific CD markers. Microbial contamination in samples was assessed before treatment. Then, 18 male Wistar rats were divided into control and treatment groups. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin. Then, wounds with a diameter of 0.8 cm were created in the back of the rats. The ADSCs were sprayed on the wound area in the treatment group. Wound healing was assessed on days 7, 14, and 21 after treatment using visual observation and histopathological examination. The data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results Wound closure was accelerated on days 7, 14 and 21 in the treatment group compared to the control group. Histological examination showed that the skin thickness, angiogenesis, and epithelialization were higher in the treatment group on days 7, 14, and 21 compared to the control group. Conclusion The spray of ADSCs on the wound area can accelerate the healing process and can be used for skin wound repair.