10 个小城镇中央商务区的繁殖鸟类比较:卡罗莱纳州北部皮迪地区

IF 0.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Southeastern Naturalist Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI:10.1656/058.022.0410
D. B. Mcnair
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要--2023年4月13日至5月7日(连续25天),我在北卡罗来纳州和南卡罗来纳州北部皮迪地区10个小城镇的中心商业区进行了繁殖鸟类调查,以检验这项区域研究是否与之前在北卡罗来纳州罗金厄姆进行的研究一致。对于那些我认为常见的物种,我使用了一种点测绘法的改进方法:如果有 3 个或 3 个以上的领地(≥ 3.0 T),我只将其定为 3 个领地,但美洲鸲(Turdus migratorius)除外。对于不太常见的物种,我统计了确切的领地数量(= 0.5-2.5 T)。我在 10 个小城镇记录了 32 种领地物种(27 种郊区本地适应物种,5 种外来城市入侵物种)。所有城镇的平均物种丰富度为 16.4(最小-最大 = 11-19),与地块大小无关。数量最多、分布最广的物种是栖息地常住物种(每个城镇都有):3 种郊区适应者(Thryothorus ludovicianus [Carolina Wren]、Mimus polyglottos [Northern Mockingbird]和 Cardinalis cardinalis [Northern Cardinal])和 3 种城市入侵者(Sturnus vulgaris [European Starling]、Passer domesticus [House Sparrow]和 Haemorhous mexicanus [House Finch]);Zenaida macroura(哀鸽)仅在韦德斯伯勒市中心没有出现。最不常见的 13 个物种(5 个居民物种、8 个新热带迁徙物种)各自在 3 个或更少的城镇拥有领地,并且在这些城镇拥有的领地少于 3 个。在这些地块上筑巢的另外 3 种新热带迁徙鸟类(烟囱雨燕(Chaetura pelagica)、大凤头飞鸟(Myiarchus crinitus)和灰猫鹊(Dumetella carolinensis))属于常见物种(数量较多且分布较广)。2023 年对 1 种生境类型进行的区域研究结果与罗金厄姆先前的结果基本一致。根据成对的 Jaccard 距离测量,皮迪北部地区城镇间物种组成的差异随着城镇间距离的增加而增大。2023 年,罗宾汉和普通鹩哥(Quiscalus quiscula)在罗金汉继续消失。不过,美国罗宾斯在其他 7 个城镇筑巢,普通鹩哥在 2 个城镇(劳林堡、马克斯顿)筑巢;后者仅在低矮的外来植被中筑巢。
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A Comparison of Breeding Birds in Central Business Districts of 10 Small Cities and Towns: The Northern Pee Dee Region of the Carolinas
Abstract - I conducted surveys of breeding birds in the central business districts of 10 small cities and towns in the northern Pee Dee region of North Carolina and South Carolina from 13 April to 7 May 2023 (25 consecutive days) to examine if this regional study would be concordant with earlier studies conducted at Rockingham, NC. I used a modification of the spot-mapping method for those I considered common species: if there were 3 or more territories (≥ 3.0 T), I only designated it as 3 territories except for Turdus migratorius (American Robin). I tallied the exact number of territories (= 0.5–2.5 T) for less common species. I documented 32 territorial species (27 native suburban adapters, 5 exotic urban invaders) in the 10 small cities and towns. Average species richness across all towns was 16.4 (min–max = 11–19) and was not correlated with plot size. The most abundant and widespread species were resident habitat generalists (present in every town): 3 suburban adapters (Thryothorus ludovicianus [Carolina Wren], Mimus polyglottos [Northern Mockingbird], and Cardinalis cardinalis [Northern Cardinal]) and 3 urban invaders (Sturnus vulgaris [European Starling], Passer domesticus [House Sparrow], and Haemorhous mexicanus [House Finch]); Zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove) was absent only from downtown Wadesboro. The 13 least common species (5 residents, 8 Neotropical migrants) each had territories in 3 or fewer towns and had fewer than 3 territories in those towns. The 3 other Neotropical migrants (Chaetura pelagica [Chimney Swift], Myiarchus crinitus [Great Crested Flycatcher], and Dumetella carolinensis [Gray Catbird]) nesting on these plots were common species (more abundant and widely distributed). Results from this regional study in 2023 in 1 habitat type were generally concordant with earlier results from Rockingham. Dissimilarities in species composition among towns as measured by pairwise Jaccard distances increased with distance between towns in the northern Pee Dee region. American Robin and Quiscalus quiscula (Common Grackle) continued to be absent from Rockingham in 2023. However, American Robins nested in 7 other towns, and Common Grackles nested in 2 towns (Laurinburg, Maxton); the latter species only nested in colonies in low exotic vegetation.
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来源期刊
Southeastern Naturalist
Southeastern Naturalist 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
16.70%
发文量
31
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: The Southeastern Naturalist covers all aspects of the natural history sciences of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine organisms and the environments of the southeastern portion of North America, roughly bounded from North Carolina south to Florida, west to Texas, north to Oklahoma, and east back to North Carolina. Manuscripts based on field studies outside of this region that provide information on species within this region may be considered at the Editor’s discretion.
期刊最新文献
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