描述 Bisbalus--灰色布洛克特鹿 Mazama cita Osgood 1912 的一个新属(哺乳纲,鹿科)--作为解决新热带鹿难题的一个步骤

Taxonomy Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI:10.3390/taxonomy4010002
Eluzai Dinai Pinto Sandoval, Wlodzimierz Jędrzejewski, Jesús Molinari, M. Vozdova, H. Cernohorska, S. Kubíčková, A. M. Bernegossi, R. Caparroz, José Mauricio Barbanti Duarte
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引用次数: 0

摘要

新热带鹿属马扎马(Mazama)的特点是形态特征同形、核型多样性高以及多系。该属的物种被分为两个多属系,即鹿科新大陆鹿属(Odocoileini)的 Odocoileina 亚系和 Blastocerina 亚系。在 Blastocerina 中,灰锦鸡包括两个非姊妹物种,即分布在亚马逊地区南部的 Subulo gouazoubira 和分布在圭亚那和亚马逊地区的 Passalites nemorivagus。我们澄清了 Mazama americana citus Osgood, 1912(其他作者称其为 S. gouazoubira 或 P. nemorivagus)的分类地位和系统发育位置。我们从委内瑞拉马拉开波湖东岸采集到了 M. a. citus 的顶型,对其进行了形态学和细胞遗传学鉴定(常规带状和荧光原位杂交),并对其整个有丝分裂基因组和 Cytb 以及另外两个来自委内瑞拉西北部的 M. a. citus 标本进行了系统发育分析。我们的分析表明,该物种的顶型是一只大的灰色锦鸡,眼睛上方有一条肉桂色带,核型为 2n = 61 和 FN = 70。利用牛全染色体涂片和细菌人工染色体 X 探针,我们确定其核型与 S. gouazoubira 的核型至少有 10 个重排差异。贝叶斯推断将 M. a. citus 重新归入 Blastocerina 亚族,并在系统发育上将其与其他灰锦鸡区分开来(100% 分支值),从而揭示了奥斯古德灰锦鸡是一个有效的物种,应归入一个新属。我们建议将其命名为 Bisbalus,以 Bisbalus citus (Osgood, 1912) 为模式种。
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Description of Bisbalus, a New Genus for the Gray Brocket, Mazama cita Osgood, 1912 (Mammalia, Cervidae), as a Step to Solve the Neotropical Deer Puzzle
The Neotropical deer genus Mazama is characterized by homoplastic morphological characters, a high karyotypic diversity, and a polyphyletic condition. The species of the genus have been recovered into two multigeneric lineages, the subtribes Odocoileina and Blastocerina, of the tribe Odocoileini (New World deer) in the family Cervidae. Within the Blastocerina, gray brockets include two non-sister species, Subulo gouazoubira, occurring south of the Amazon region, and Passalites nemorivagus, occurring in the Guianas and in the Amazon region. We clarify the taxonomic status and phylogenetic position of Mazama americana citus Osgood, 1912 (referred to as either S. gouazoubira or P. nemorivagus by other authors). We collected a topotype of M. a. citus from the eastern shore of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, characterize it morphologically and cytogenetically (conventional banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization), and carry out a phylogenetic analysis of its whole mitogenome and Cytb alongside two additional specimens of M. a. citus from northwestern Venezuela. Our analyses reveal the topotype to be a large gray brocket with a cinnamon band above the eyes and 2n = 61 and FN = 70 karyotype. Using cattle whole chromosome painting and bacterial artificial chromosome X probes, we determined its karyotype to differ in at least 10 rearrangements from that of S. gouazoubira. Bayesian inference recovers M. a. citus within the Blastocerina subtribe, separated phylogenetically from other gray brockets (100% branch value), revealing the Osgood’s gray brocket to be a valid species that should be assigned to a new genus. We propose the generic name Bisbalus, with Bisbalus citus (Osgood, 1912) as the type species.
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