Whale optimization-based PTS scheme for PAPR reduction in UFMC systems

This paper proposes a whale optimization algorithm (WOA)-based partial transmit sequence (PTS) scheme called WOA-PTS to reduce the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) for universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC) systems. High PAPR is a prevalent challenge encountered in multi-carrier systems. In the conventional PTS technique, the optimization of phase rotation factors is achieved through multiplication with the sub-blocks. In this undertaking, WOA optimization is integrated as a phase optimizer in the PTS-based PAPR reduction scheme. The experimental results show that, when compared with PTS-based UFMC signal, the UFMC signal with WOA-PTS can achieve 4.15 dB PAPR reduction at the complementary cumulative distribution function value of 10⁻³, additionally power spectral density performance and bit error rate also improved.