血管结构图揭示了脑微血管随年龄增长而发生的性别特异性变化

Anja Hohmann, Ke Zhang, J. M. Jende, Christoph M Mooshage, Kai Görgen, Lukas T. Rotkopf, H. Schlemmer, Philipp Vollmuth, Martin Bendszus, W. Wick, Felix T. Kurz
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摘要

摘要 目的:以往的研究表明,大脑微血管的变化与特定区域的年龄和性别有关。我们的目标是利用全脑血管结构图(VAM)来绘制和评估人体内微血管的这些变化。材料和方法采用 3 T 磁共振成像技术,结合自旋和梯度回波回声平面成像序列,对非肿瘤半球的心血管健康女性(n = 40)和单灶低级别胶质瘤男性(n = 32)进行检查。在造影剂栓剂通过过程中,血管漩涡曲线是通过成对绘制弛豫率 R2* 和 R2 的变化而获得的,这两种弛豫率分别生成一组 VAM 参数,用于描述微血管特性,如血管类型、管腔大小或血流量。评估了大脑皮层灰质、白质、丘脑、球状苍白球、尾状核、丘脑、岛叶皮层和海马的平均 VAM 值与年龄和性别相关的变化。结果显示随着年龄的增长,主要血管类型从毛细血管转变为动脉为主,尤其是在脑岛、丘脑和球状苍白球。在白质中,男女两性的血流速度都随着年龄的增长而显著下降(r = -0.33,p = 0.004)。在女性中,衰老与微血管口径的增加有关,尤其是丘脑(r = 0.39,p = 0.01)和脑岛(r = 0.34,p = 0.03)。在所有灰质区域,女性的微血管密度均高于男性(分别为 4.33 ± 0.26ˑ102 ms-1/3 vs. 4.18 ± 0.26ˑ102 ms-1/3; p = 0.025)。结论衰老对女性和男性脑区微血管的影响不同,尤其是丘脑和脑岛。
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Vascular architecture mapping reveals sex-specific changes in cerebral microvasculature with aging
Abstract Objectives: Previous studies indicate region-specific age- and sex-related changes in cerebral microvasculature. Using whole-brain vascular architecture mapping (VAM), our objective was to map and assess these changes in human microvasculature in vivo. Materials and methods: Cardiovascular healthy women (n = 40) and men (n = 32) with unifocal low-grade glioma, matched for age [range: 20-70 years] and BMI, were examined on the non-tumor hemisphere with a combined spin and gradient echo echo-planar imaging sequence at 3 T MRI. Vessel vortex curves were obtained by pair-wise plotting changes in relaxation rates R2* and R2 during contrast agent bolus passage, which each generate a set of VAM parameters that characterize microvascular properties, such as vessel type, lumen size, or blood flow. Averaged VAM values of cortical grey matter, white matter, putamen, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, thalamus, insular cortex, and hippocampus were assessed for age- and sex-related changes. Results: With age, dominant vessel types changed from capillaries to an arteriole-dominated profile, particularly in insula, thalamus, and globus pallidus. In white matter, blood flow velocity decreased significantly with aging for both sexes (r = −0.33, p = 0.004). In women, aging was associated with an increase in microvessel caliber, particularly in thalamus (r = 0.39, p = 0.01) and insula (r = 0.34, p = 0.03). In all grey matter areas, women had a higher microvessel density than men (4.33 ± 0.26ˑ102 ms-1/3 vs. 4.18 ± 0.26ˑ102 ms-1/3; p = 0.025, respectively). Conclusions: Aging affects microvasculature differently across brain regions in women and men, especially in thalamus and insula.
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