Yuki Enomoto, Yoshifumi Kanayama, Kyoko Ikumi, Mai Sakurai, Aya Yamamoto, Akimichi Morita
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Cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for developing vitiligo on the hands
Vitiligo presents with varying clinical features based on the type and location. Treatment tends to be more effective on the face, neck, trunk, and mid-extremities, while the lips and distal extremities may be more resistant. Vitiligo in frequently exposed areas such as the face, arms, legs, and hands is typically associated with a lower Dermatology Life Quality Index.
期刊介绍:
The journal is a forum for new information about the direct and distant effects of electromagnetic radiation (ultraviolet, visible and infrared) mediated through skin. The divisions of the editorial board reflect areas of specific interest: aging, carcinogenesis, immunology, instrumentation and optics, lasers, photodynamic therapy, photosensitivity, pigmentation and therapy. Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine includes original articles, reviews, communications and editorials.
Original articles may include the investigation of experimental or pathological processes in humans or animals in vivo or the investigation of radiation effects in cells or tissues in vitro. Methodology need have no limitation; rather, it should be appropriate to the question addressed.