{"title":"属性 G 和 4 属性","authors":"Yi Ni","doi":"10.1090/btran/153","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>We say a null-homologous knot <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> in a <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"3\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">3</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-manifold <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper Y\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Y</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> has Property G, if the Thurston norm and fiberedness of the complement of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> is preserved under the zero surgery on <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>. In this paper, we will show that, if the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"4\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">4</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-genus of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K times StartSet 0 EndSet\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\n <mml:mo fence=\"false\" stretchy=\"false\">{</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n <mml:mo fence=\"false\" stretchy=\"false\">}</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K\\times \\{0\\}</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> (in a certain homology class) in <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"left-parenthesis upper Y times left-bracket 0 comma 1 right-bracket right-parenthesis number-sign upper N ModifyingAbove double-struck upper C upper P squared With bar\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">[</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">]</mml:mo>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">#<!-- # --></mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>N</mml:mi>\n <mml:mover>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">C</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:msup>\n <mml:mi>P</mml:mi>\n <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>\n </mml:msup>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo accent=\"false\">¯<!-- ¯ --></mml:mo>\n </mml:mover>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">(Y\\times [0,1])\\#N\\overline {\\mathbb CP^2}</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, where <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper Y\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Y</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> is a rational homology sphere, is smaller than the Seifert genus of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, then <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> has Property G. When the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"4\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">4</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-genus is <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"0\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">0</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper Y\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Y</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> can be taken to be any closed, oriented <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"3\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">3</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-manifold.</p>","PeriodicalId":377306,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B","volume":"48 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Property G and the 4-genus\",\"authors\":\"Yi Ni\",\"doi\":\"10.1090/btran/153\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>We say a null-homologous knot <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> in a <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"3\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">3</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-manifold <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper Y\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">Y</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> has Property G, if the Thurston norm and fiberedness of the complement of <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> is preserved under the zero surgery on <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>. In this paper, we will show that, if the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"4\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">4</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-genus of <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K times StartSet 0 EndSet\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo fence=\\\"false\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">{</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\\n <mml:mo fence=\\\"false\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">}</mml:mo>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K\\\\times \\\\{0\\\\}</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> (in a certain homology class) in <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"left-parenthesis upper Y times left-bracket 0 comma 1 right-bracket right-parenthesis number-sign upper N ModifyingAbove double-struck upper C upper P squared With bar\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">[</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">]</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">#<!-- # --></mml:mi>\\n <mml:mi>N</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mover>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow class=\\\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\\\">\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"double-struck\\\">C</mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:msup>\\n <mml:mi>P</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>\\n </mml:msup>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo accent=\\\"false\\\">¯<!-- ¯ --></mml:mo>\\n </mml:mover>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">(Y\\\\times [0,1])\\\\#N\\\\overline {\\\\mathbb CP^2}</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, where <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper Y\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">Y</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> is a rational homology sphere, is smaller than the Seifert genus of <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, then <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> has Property G. When the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"4\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">4</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-genus is <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"0\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">0</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper Y\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">Y</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> can be taken to be any closed, oriented <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"3\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">3</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-manifold.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":377306,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B\",\"volume\":\"48 12\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1090/btran/153\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1090/btran/153","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

如果 K K 的瑟斯顿规范和补集的纤维性在 K K 的零手术下得以保留,我们就说 3 3 -manifold Y Y 中的空同源结 K K 具有属性 G。本文将证明,如果 K × { 0 } 的光滑 4 4 - 属 在 ( Y × [ 0 , 1 ] ) # N C P 2 ¯ (Y\times [0,1])\#N\overline {mathbb CP^2} 中,Y Y 是有理同调。 当光滑的 4 4 - 属是 0 0 0 时,Y Y 可以看作是任何封闭的、定向的 3 3 -manifold。
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Property G and the 4-genus

We say a null-homologous knot K K in a 3 3 -manifold Y Y has Property G, if the Thurston norm and fiberedness of the complement of K K is preserved under the zero surgery on K K . In this paper, we will show that, if the smooth 4 4 -genus of K × { 0 } K\times \{0\} (in a certain homology class) in ( Y × [ 0 , 1 ] ) # N C P 2 ¯ (Y\times [0,1])\#N\overline {\mathbb CP^2} , where Y Y is a rational homology sphere, is smaller than the Seifert genus of K K , then K K has Property G. When the smooth 4 4 -genus is 0 0 , Y Y can be taken to be any closed, oriented 3 3 -manifold.

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