{"title":"属性 G 和 4 属性","authors":"Yi Ni","doi":"10.1090/btran/153","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>We say a null-homologous knot <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> in a <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"3\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">3</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-manifold <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper Y\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Y</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> has Property G, if the Thurston norm and fiberedness of the complement of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> is preserved under the zero surgery on <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>. In this paper, we will show that, if the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"4\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">4</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-genus of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K times StartSet 0 EndSet\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\n <mml:mo fence=\"false\" stretchy=\"false\">{</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n <mml:mo fence=\"false\" stretchy=\"false\">}</mml:mo>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K\\times \\{0\\}</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> (in a certain homology class) in <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"left-parenthesis upper Y times left-bracket 0 comma 1 right-bracket right-parenthesis number-sign upper N ModifyingAbove double-struck upper C upper P squared With bar\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">[</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">]</mml:mo>\n <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">#<!-- # --></mml:mi>\n <mml:mi>N</mml:mi>\n <mml:mover>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">C</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:msup>\n <mml:mi>P</mml:mi>\n <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>\n </mml:msup>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo accent=\"false\">¯<!-- ¯ --></mml:mo>\n </mml:mover>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">(Y\\times [0,1])\\#N\\overline {\\mathbb CP^2}</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, where <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper Y\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Y</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> is a rational homology sphere, is smaller than the Seifert genus of <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, then <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">K</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> has Property G. When the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"4\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">4</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-genus is <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"0\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">0</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>, <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"upper Y\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">Y</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula> can be taken to be any closed, oriented <inline-formula content-type=\"math/mathml\">\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" alttext=\"3\">\n <mml:semantics>\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\n <mml:annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">3</mml:annotation>\n </mml:semantics>\n</mml:math>\n</inline-formula>-manifold.</p>","PeriodicalId":377306,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B","volume":"48 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Property G and the 4-genus\",\"authors\":\"Yi Ni\",\"doi\":\"10.1090/btran/153\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>We say a null-homologous knot <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> in a <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"3\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">3</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-manifold <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper Y\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">Y</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> has Property G, if the Thurston norm and fiberedness of the complement of <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> is preserved under the zero surgery on <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>. In this paper, we will show that, if the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"4\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">4</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-genus of <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K times StartSet 0 EndSet\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo fence=\\\"false\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">{</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\\n <mml:mo fence=\\\"false\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">}</mml:mo>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K\\\\times \\\\{0\\\\}</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> (in a certain homology class) in <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"left-parenthesis upper Y times left-bracket 0 comma 1 right-bracket right-parenthesis number-sign upper N ModifyingAbove double-struck upper C upper P squared With bar\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>×<!-- × --></mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">[</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\\n <mml:mo>,</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">]</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">#<!-- # --></mml:mi>\\n <mml:mi>N</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mover>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow class=\\\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\\\">\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"double-struck\\\">C</mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:msup>\\n <mml:mi>P</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>\\n </mml:msup>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo accent=\\\"false\\\">¯<!-- ¯ --></mml:mo>\\n </mml:mover>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">(Y\\\\times [0,1])\\\\#N\\\\overline {\\\\mathbb CP^2}</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, where <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper Y\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">Y</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> is a rational homology sphere, is smaller than the Seifert genus of <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, then <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper K\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>K</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">K</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> has Property G. When the smooth <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"4\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>4</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">4</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-genus is <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"0\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>0</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">0</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>, <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"upper Y\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">Y</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula> can be taken to be any closed, oriented <inline-formula content-type=\\\"math/mathml\\\">\\n<mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" alttext=\\\"3\\\">\\n <mml:semantics>\\n <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>\\n <mml:annotation encoding=\\\"application/x-tex\\\">3</mml:annotation>\\n </mml:semantics>\\n</mml:math>\\n</inline-formula>-manifold.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":377306,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B\",\"volume\":\"48 12\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1090/btran/153\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1090/btran/153","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
如果 K K 的瑟斯顿规范和补集的纤维性在 K K 的零手术下得以保留,我们就说 3 3 -manifold Y Y 中的空同源结 K K 具有属性 G。本文将证明,如果 K × { 0 } 的光滑 4 4 - 属 在 ( Y × [ 0 , 1 ] ) # N C P 2 ¯ (Y\times [0,1])\#N\overline {mathbb CP^2} 中,Y Y 是有理同调。 当光滑的 4 4 - 属是 0 0 0 时,Y Y 可以看作是任何封闭的、定向的 3 3 -manifold。
We say a null-homologous knot KK in a 33-manifold YY has Property G, if the Thurston norm and fiberedness of the complement of KK is preserved under the zero surgery on KK. In this paper, we will show that, if the smooth 44-genus of K×{0}K\times \{0\} (in a certain homology class) in (Y×[0,1])#NCP2¯(Y\times [0,1])\#N\overline {\mathbb CP^2}, where YY is a rational homology sphere, is smaller than the Seifert genus of KK, then KK has Property G. When the smooth 44-genus is 00, YY can be taken to be any closed, oriented 33-manifold.