Annalie Melin, Colin M. Beale, John C. Manning, Jonathan F. Colville
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引用次数: 0
摘要
Bystriakova等人,2018;Kuhlmann,2009;Michener,1979,2007;Orr等人,2021)。南非的蜜蜂动物群具有高度的地方特有性(Bystriakova 等人,2018 年;Kuhlmann,2009 年),并被认为具有重要的进化意义,因为它包括了一些最早期分化的蜜蜂品系(Danforth 等人,2006 年;Litman 等人,2011 年),以及一些显示出对授粉者特殊适应性的属种(Steiner & Whitemann, 2009 年)、该地区的蜜蜂动物群在非洲大陆独一无二,在过去的 250 年里,该地区的蜜蜂动物群得到了大量的重点收集和分类工作,包括对其自然历史藏品的大规模数字化(Melin & Colville, 2019)。在这项研究中,我们使用了公开的自然历史收集数据,并采用了地理空间建模方法(Colville 等人,2020 年;Mecenero 等人,2015 年)。这使我们能够对南非蜜蜂的多样性和分布进行迄今为止最详细的评估,目的是划定当地蜜蜂物种丰富度和特有性的热点地区。我们还使用丰富度加权指数来确定限制性物种和广泛分布物种的丰富度模式(Crisp 等人,2001 年)。此外,我们还确定了物种丰富度模式、国家特有物种丰富度和分布范围受限物种丰富度之间以及国家特有物种丰富度和分布范围受限特有物种丰富度之间的空间一致性程度。在过去几年中,地中海和干旱气候地区蜜蜂的高度多样性引起了广泛关注(Kaloveloni等人,2018年;Leclercq等人,2023年;Marshall等人,2023年;Meiners等人,2019年;Orr等人,2021年)。我们将南非的蜜蜂多样性置于这一全球模式之中,并比较南非境内的丰富度如何随面积而缩放(Gotelli & Colwell, 2001),同时考虑到不同的生物群落和降雨季节,并与全球其他干旱和地中海地区的研究进行比较。我们的方法是利用物种与面积的关系来估算蜜蜂的物种密度,并借鉴了最近采用这种方法的研究(Meiners等人,2019年;Minckley & Radke,2021年)。比较这些不同地理区域的蜜蜂密度可以帮助人们了解蜜蜂多样性的全球模式(Minckley & Radke, 2021)。南非昆虫多样性缺乏详细的现代生物地理学研究(Colville 等人,2014 年;Melin & Colville, 2019 年)。因此,昆虫在保护规划中的代表性不足,这主要是由于涉及的物种数量庞大,而且许多类群的分类方法已经过时,再加上分类学专业知识的减少(Chown & McGeoch, 1995; Hamer, 2012; Scholtz & Chown, 1995)。这项研究的结果将进一步丰富我们的知识,在精细的地理尺度上确定南非昆虫丰富度和特有性的重要区域,并在确定保护重点时考虑到这些热点地区。鉴于蜜蜂丰富度的特异性模式(例如,地中海、干旱和温带栖息地的蜜蜂丰富度最高)(Bystriakova等人,2018年;Michener,2007年;Orr等人,2021年),更精细尺度的数据也有助于指导未来的研究,这些研究旨在了解驱动蜜蜂多样性的宏观生态因素。
期刊介绍:
To publish papers of the highest scientific quality within the general area of insect (and other arthropods) conservation and diversity covering topics ranging from ecological theory to practical management.
Papers are invited on the following topics: Conservation genetics; Extinction debt; Long-term conservation planning and implementation; Global implications of local or national conservation actions; Management responses of species and communities; Captive breeding programs; Comparisons of restored and natural habitats; Biogeography; Global biodiversity; Metapopulation dynamics; Climate change: impacts on distributions and range; Invasive species: impacts and control; Effects of pollution; Genetic threats to diversity by introgression; Effects of fragmentation on diversity and distribution; Impact of agricultural and forestry practices on biodiversity; Enhancing urban environments for diversity and protection; Biodiversity action plans: can we scale up from insects?; Effectiveness and choice of indicator species; Soil biodiversity and interactions with above-ground biodiversity; Ecological interactions at local levels; Ecological and evolutionary factors influencing diversity and local, regional and global scales; Sustainable livelihoods and training on the ground; Integrating science and policy.