Liter-scale manufacturing of shelf-stable plasmid DNA/PEI transfection particles for viral vector production

The transfection efficiency and stability of the delivery vehicles of plasmid DNA (pDNA) are critical metrics to ensure high-quality and high-yield production of viral vectors. We previously identified that the optimal size of pDNA/poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) transfection particles is 400 to 500 nm and developed a bottom-up assembly method to construct stable 400-nm pDNA/PEI particles and benchmarked their transfection efficiency in producing lentiviral vectors (LVVs). Here, we report scale-up production protocols for such transfection particles. Using a 2-inlet confined impinging jet (CIJ) mixer with a dual syringe pump setup, we produced a 1-L batch at a flow rate of 100 mL/min; and further scaled up this process with a larger CIJ mixer and a dual peristaltic pump array, allowing for continuous production at a flow rate of 1 L/min without a lot-size limit. We demonstrated the scalability of this process with a 5-L lot and validated the quality of these 400-nm transfection particles against the target product profile, including physical properties, shelf and on-bench stability, transfection efficiency, and LVV production yield in both 15-mL bench culture and 2-L bioreactor runs. These results confirm the potential of this particle assembly process as a scalable manufacturing platform for viral vector production.