东南亚发电产生的大气排放:发展趋势与对策

IF 6.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Current Pollution Reports Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI:10.1007/s40726-023-00289-0
Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh, Lai Nguyen Huy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

回顾目的伴随着城市化、机动化和工业化的快速经济发展以及人口增长,东南亚(SEA)的电力部门在满足能源需求方面面临着巨大压力。本文回顾了东南亚国家过去 20 年的发电情况,并利用 DPSIR 框架分析了其对大气污染的潜在影响。在此期间,人均年发电量增长了 2.4 倍。印度尼西亚、马来西亚、泰国和越南是主要的电力生产国,2020 年占 83%。以煤炭和天然气为基础的火力发电厂(TPP)占总发电量的 72%,而低碳可再生能源虽然在此期间有所增加,但在 2020 年仅占 25%。2018 年,不同物种的部门大气排放量比 2000 年增加了 2.4-11.5 倍,分别占该地区二氧化硫、二氧化碳和氮氧化物人为排放总量的 55.3%、26.8%和 26.7%。摘要对化石燃料的严重依赖使电力部门成为大气污染物和温室气体的主要排放源。东南亚各国政府已颁布了有关 TPP 的政策和法规,并设定了净零排放目标。这些政策直接和/或间接地解决了大气污染问题,一旦全面实施,将为该地区带来更安全、更可持续的电力来源,并为空气质量、人类健康、环境、生态系统和气候带来多重益处。
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Atmospheric Emissions from Electricity Generation in Southeast Asia: Development Trend and Policy Responses

Purpose of Review

Rapid economic development accompanied by urbanization, motorization, and industrialization, together with population growth, puts great pressure on the power sector in Southeast Asia (SEA) to meet energy demand. This paper reviews the past 20-year power generation in SEA countries to analyze potential impacts on atmospheric pollution using DPSIR framework.

Recent Findings

In 2020, total region electricity generation reached 1050 TWh, 3.1 times above that of 2000, and is projected to further increase by 2.5 times in 2050. During the period, the annual per capita generation increased 2.4 times. Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam were the main electricity producers, sharing 83% in 2020. Coal and natural gas based thermal power plants (TPPs) were dominant with 72% of the total electricity produced, whereas low-carbon renewable energy, although increased during the period, shared only 25% in 2020. In 2018, the sectoral atmospheric emissions of different species increased by 2.4–11.5 times above 2000, contributing 55.3%, 26.8%, and 26.7% to the region’s total anthropogenic emissions of SO2, CO2, and NOx, respectively.

Summary

Heavy reliance on fossil fuels makes the power sector a key emission source of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. SEA governments have promulgated policies and regulations for TPPs and set net zero emissions targets. These policies, directly and/or indirectly address atmospheric pollution, once fully implemented, bring in more secure and sustainable power sources in the region, along with multiple benefits to air quality, human health, environment, ecosystem, and the climate.

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来源期刊
Current Pollution Reports
Current Pollution Reports Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
1.40%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: Current Pollution Reports provides in-depth review articles contributed by international experts on the most significant developments in the field of environmental pollution.By presenting clear, insightful, balanced reviews that emphasize recently published papers of major importance, the journal elucidates current and emerging approaches to identification, characterization, treatment, management of pollutants and much more.
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