小脑灰质异常与近期和慢性精神分裂症患者的认知障碍有关。

IF 3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI:10.1038/s41537-024-00434-8
Naok Kang, Subin Chung, Sang-Hyuk Lee, Minji Bang
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摘要

尽管小脑在精神分裂症中的作用已受到关注,但它对认知障碍的贡献仍不清楚。我们的目的是研究近期精神分裂症(ROS)和慢性精神分裂症(CS)患者与健康对照组(HC)相比,小脑灰质(GM)的体积变化。我们招募了 72 名 ROS 患者、43 名 CS 患者和 127 名 HC 患者,并采集了高分辨率 T1 加权脑结构磁共振图像。我们使用基于体素的形态计量法比较了各组间的小脑GM体积,并研究了精神分裂症患者的大脑-小脑GM体积相关性。探索性相关分析研究了精神分裂症组的小脑-小脑GM体积变化与认知功能的功能相关性。与精神分裂症患者相比,ROS和CS患者的小脑GM体积较小,尤其是Crus I和Crus II。提取的小脑GM体积与从事高阶联想的前额颞顶联想区的大脑GM体积呈显著正相关。探索性分析表明,后叶区域较小的小脑GM与精神分裂症患者较差的认知表现有关。我们的研究表明,小脑发病机制存在于精神分裂症的早期阶段,并与大脑皮层的结构异常相互关联。将小脑纳入精神分裂症的发病机制将有助于增进我们对该疾病的了解,并确定有关大脑-小脑相互作用失调的新型治疗目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Cerebro-cerebellar gray matter abnormalities associated with cognitive impairment in patients with recent-onset and chronic schizophrenia.

Although the role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia has gained attention, its contribution to cognitive impairment remains unclear. We aimed to investigate volumetric alterations in the cerebro-cerebellar gray matter (GM) in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia (ROS) and chronic schizophrenia (CS) compared with healthy controls (HCs). Seventy-two ROS, 43 CS, and 127 HC participants were recruited, and high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images of the brain were acquired. We compared cerebellar GM volumes among the groups using voxel-based morphometry and examined the cerebro-cerebellar GM volumetric correlations in participants with schizophrenia. Exploratory correlation analysis investigated the functional relevance of cerebro-cerebellar GM volume alterations to cognitive function in the schizophrenia group. The ROS and CS participants demonstrated smaller cerebellar GM volumes, particularly in Crus I and II, than HCs. Extracted cerebellar GM volumes demonstrated significant positive correlations with the cerebral GM volume in the fronto-temporo-parietal association areas engaged in higher-order association. The exploratory analysis showed that smaller cerebellar GM in the posterior lobe regions was associated with poorer cognitive performance in participants with schizophrenia. Our study suggests that cerebellar pathogenesis is present in the early stages of schizophrenia and interconnected with structural abnormalities in the cerebral cortex. Integrating the cerebellum into the pathogenesis of schizophrenia will help advance our understanding of the disease and identify novel treatment targets concerning dysfunctional cerebro-cerebellar interactions.

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