Battery Allocation and SOC in Distribution Systems Considering Temperature Constraints

This paper proposes a method for allocating and controlling batteries' state of charge in unbalanced distribution systems. Restrictions related to the depth of discharges and the relation between the nominal and operating capacity of the battery in relation to the operating temperature are proposed. The proposed optimization set is a mixed integer nonlinear with temporal coupling, so the genetic algorithm method was used with the quasi-static times series technique to solve the proposed problem. A simple technique to verify the economic feasibility of battery allocation using a k-factor is also proposed. The power flow equations were solved using OpenDSS. Several operational tests were accomplished using the IEEE34 Node Test Feeders. The results show that the consideration of deep discharge and operating temperature considerably impact the battery operating cycle and battery lifetime.