Giuseppe D'Andrea, Diego Quattrone, Kathryn Malone, Giada Tripoli, Giulia Trotta, Edoardo Spinazzola, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Hannah E Jongsma, Lucia Sideli, Simona A Stilo, Caterina La Cascia, Laura Ferraro, Antonio Lasalvia, Sarah Tosato, Andrea Tortelli, Eva Velthorst, Lieuwe de Haan, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Jose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Julio Bobes, Julio Sanjuán, Miguel Bernardo, Celso Arango, James B Kirkbride, Peter B Jones, Bart P Rutten, Jim Van Os, Jean-Paul Selten, Evangelos Vassos, Franck Schürhoff, Andrei Szöke, Baptiste Pignon, Michael O'Donovan, Alexander Richards, Craig Morgan, Marta Di Forti, Ilaria Tarricone, Robin M Murray
{"title":"欧洲和巴西 16 个地区亚临床精神病的差异:多国 EU-GEI 研究的发现。","authors":"Giuseppe D'Andrea, Diego Quattrone, Kathryn Malone, Giada Tripoli, Giulia Trotta, Edoardo Spinazzola, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Hannah E Jongsma, Lucia Sideli, Simona A Stilo, Caterina La Cascia, Laura Ferraro, Antonio Lasalvia, Sarah Tosato, Andrea Tortelli, Eva Velthorst, Lieuwe de Haan, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Jose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Julio Bobes, Julio Sanjuán, Miguel Bernardo, Celso Arango, James B Kirkbride, Peter B Jones, Bart P Rutten, Jim Van Os, Jean-Paul Selten, Evangelos Vassos, Franck Schürhoff, Andrei Szöke, Baptiste Pignon, Michael O'Donovan, Alexander Richards, Craig Morgan, Marta Di Forti, Ilaria Tarricone, Robin M Murray","doi":"10.1017/S0033291723003781","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Incidence of first-episode psychosis (FEP) varies substantially across geographic regions. Phenotypes of subclinical psychosis (SP), such as psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and schizotypy, present several similarities with psychosis. We aimed to examine whether SP measures varied across different sites and whether this variation was comparable with FEP incidence within the same areas. We further examined contribution of environmental and genetic factors to SP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from 1497 controls recruited in 16 different sites across 6 countries. Factor scores for several psychopathological dimensions of schizotypy and PLEs were obtained using multidimensional item response theory models. Variation of these scores was assessed using multi-level regression analysis to estimate individual and between-sites variance adjusting for age, sex, education, migrant, employment and relational status, childhood adversity, and cannabis use. In the final model we added local FEP incidence as a second-level variable. Association with genetic liability was examined separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Schizotypy showed a large between-sites variation with up to 15% of variance attributable to site-level characteristics. Adding local FEP incidence to the model considerably reduced the between-sites unexplained schizotypy variance. PLEs did not show as much variation. Overall, SP was associated with younger age, migrant, unmarried, unemployed and less educated individuals, cannabis use, and childhood adversity. Both phenotypes were associated with genetic liability to schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Schizotypy showed substantial between-sites variation, being more represented in areas where FEP incidence is higher. This supports the hypothesis that shared contextual factors shape the between-sites variation of psychosis across the spectrum.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Variation of subclinical psychosis across 16 sites in Europe and Brazil: findings from the multi-national EU-GEI study.\",\"authors\":\"Giuseppe D'Andrea, Diego Quattrone, Kathryn Malone, Giada Tripoli, Giulia Trotta, Edoardo Spinazzola, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Hannah E Jongsma, Lucia Sideli, Simona A Stilo, Caterina La Cascia, Laura Ferraro, Antonio Lasalvia, Sarah Tosato, Andrea Tortelli, Eva Velthorst, Lieuwe de Haan, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Jose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Julio Bobes, Julio Sanjuán, Miguel Bernardo, Celso Arango, James B Kirkbride, Peter B Jones, Bart P Rutten, Jim Van Os, Jean-Paul Selten, Evangelos Vassos, Franck Schürhoff, Andrei Szöke, Baptiste Pignon, Michael O'Donovan, Alexander Richards, Craig Morgan, Marta Di Forti, Ilaria Tarricone, Robin M Murray\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/S0033291723003781\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Incidence of first-episode psychosis (FEP) varies substantially across geographic regions. Phenotypes of subclinical psychosis (SP), such as psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and schizotypy, present several similarities with psychosis. We aimed to examine whether SP measures varied across different sites and whether this variation was comparable with FEP incidence within the same areas. We further examined contribution of environmental and genetic factors to SP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from 1497 controls recruited in 16 different sites across 6 countries. Factor scores for several psychopathological dimensions of schizotypy and PLEs were obtained using multidimensional item response theory models. Variation of these scores was assessed using multi-level regression analysis to estimate individual and between-sites variance adjusting for age, sex, education, migrant, employment and relational status, childhood adversity, and cannabis use. In the final model we added local FEP incidence as a second-level variable. Association with genetic liability was examined separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Schizotypy showed a large between-sites variation with up to 15% of variance attributable to site-level characteristics. Adding local FEP incidence to the model considerably reduced the between-sites unexplained schizotypy variance. PLEs did not show as much variation. Overall, SP was associated with younger age, migrant, unmarried, unemployed and less educated individuals, cannabis use, and childhood adversity. Both phenotypes were associated with genetic liability to schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Schizotypy showed substantial between-sites variation, being more represented in areas where FEP incidence is higher. 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Variation of subclinical psychosis across 16 sites in Europe and Brazil: findings from the multi-national EU-GEI study.
Background: Incidence of first-episode psychosis (FEP) varies substantially across geographic regions. Phenotypes of subclinical psychosis (SP), such as psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and schizotypy, present several similarities with psychosis. We aimed to examine whether SP measures varied across different sites and whether this variation was comparable with FEP incidence within the same areas. We further examined contribution of environmental and genetic factors to SP.
Methods: We used data from 1497 controls recruited in 16 different sites across 6 countries. Factor scores for several psychopathological dimensions of schizotypy and PLEs were obtained using multidimensional item response theory models. Variation of these scores was assessed using multi-level regression analysis to estimate individual and between-sites variance adjusting for age, sex, education, migrant, employment and relational status, childhood adversity, and cannabis use. In the final model we added local FEP incidence as a second-level variable. Association with genetic liability was examined separately.
Results: Schizotypy showed a large between-sites variation with up to 15% of variance attributable to site-level characteristics. Adding local FEP incidence to the model considerably reduced the between-sites unexplained schizotypy variance. PLEs did not show as much variation. Overall, SP was associated with younger age, migrant, unmarried, unemployed and less educated individuals, cannabis use, and childhood adversity. Both phenotypes were associated with genetic liability to schizophrenia.
Conclusions: Schizotypy showed substantial between-sites variation, being more represented in areas where FEP incidence is higher. This supports the hypothesis that shared contextual factors shape the between-sites variation of psychosis across the spectrum.
期刊介绍:
Now in its fifth decade of publication, Psychological Medicine is a leading international journal in the fields of psychiatry, related aspects of psychology and basic sciences. From 2014, there are 16 issues a year, each featuring original articles reporting key research being undertaken worldwide, together with shorter editorials by distinguished scholars and an important book review section. The journal''s success is clearly demonstrated by a consistently high impact factor.