The research of common drought indexes for the application to the drought monitoring in the region of Jin Sha river

Based on MODIS data from 2010 to 2020 and precipitation, air temperature, and soil moisture data of 33 meteorological stations in Jinsha River Basin from 1990 to 2020, the applicability of different remote sensing drought indexes in Jinsha River Basin was studied. These indexes include temperature condition index (TCI) and temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI), the results of vegetation condition index (VCI), vegetation supply water index (VSWI), standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and standardized precipitation index (SPI) showed that TCI and TVDI, VSWI and TCI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, SPEI and SPI, respectively. The correlation between VSWI and VCI was significant. VCI had the lowest correlation with SPEI and SPI. The average correlation coefficient between TCI and VSWI was similar. The correlation between VSWI, SPEI, and SPI was low in January, March, and October and reached significant or above levels in other months. TVDI had the highest correlation with SPEI and SPI. TVDI was significantly correlated with soil moisture every month of the year, indicating that TVDI can be effectively used for remote sensing drought monitoring in Jinsha River Basin and has strong adaptability. According to the temporal and spatial analysis of drought monitoring in the Jinsha River Basin by TVDI, the drought areas in December and January are mainly located in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River Basin, while the light drought areas are mainly located in the upper and lower reaches of the Jinsha River Basin. From March to June, the risk of severe drought increased in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River, and the moderate drought area in the Jinsha River Basin also increased. The drought from July to November was weaker than in the previous months. The moderate drought area is mainly located in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River, and the mild drought area is mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River Basin.