Examining the influence of entrepreneurial skills, human capital, and home country institutions on firm internationalization

In an increasingly interconnected world, understanding the factors that influence firm internationalization is crucial for businesses and policymakers alike. This study examines the complex interplay between entrepreneurial skills, human capital, institutional environments and firm internationalization. Specifically, it investigates the mediating role of home country institutional environments in the relationship between entrepreneurial skills, human capital and firm internationalization. Based on a theoretical framework that integrates resource-based and institutional theories, this study employs a quantitative research design, using cross-sectional international data from the Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute (GEDI) and Global Competitiveness Index 2018 reports for 137 countries. The findings of this reveal compelling insights into the factors driving firm internationalization. Both direct and indirect effects of entrepreneurial skills and human capital on firm internationalization emerge as positive and statistically significant. Moreover, the study underscores the nuanced influence of institutional environments, indicating their partial mediation of the relationship between entrepreneurial skills, human capital and firm internationalization. This sheds light on the pivotal role of the dynamic interplay between resources and institutional frameworks in shaping firms’ strategic decisions to venture into foreign markets. The implications of these results extend beyond academia, with actionable insights for both businesses and policymakers alike. This study not only contributes to our theoretical understanding of internationalization processes but also provides practical guidance for firms seeking to navigate and optimize their global expansion strategies.