哥伦比亚托利马地区稻壳的微观结构和机械特性分析

Oscar Araque, Nelson Arzola, Ivonne X. Cerón
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摘要

稻壳是碾磨过程中产生的一种副产品,由于其被广泛丢弃且用途有限,其利用率不足的问题需要引起重视。本研究旨在评估三个稻壳品种(F 2000、Orizyca 和 Panorama 394)的物理特性和机械行为,以确定其强度能力和潜在应用。机械性能是通过使用万能机器进行非标准化拉力测试来评估的。随后的分析包括按照 ASTM D1348 测量含水量,按照 ASAE 标准 S319 确定粒度分布,以及按照 ASAE 标准 S269 方法 4 确定容重。稻壳品种的机械阻力从 60 兆帕到 130 兆帕不等,颗粒密度超过 300 千克/立方米,平均表观密度为 140 千克/立方米。扫描电子显微镜显示了稻壳的结构,确定了表皮层、下皮层和次下皮层。Orizyca 品种的机械应力是 F 2000 的 1.89 倍,是 Panorama 394 的 1.18 倍。Orizyca 和 Panorama 394 的潜在用途包括制砖和热成型材料,而 F 2000 则可用于生产燃料块或纸板等。
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Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of Rice Husks from the Tolima Region of Colombia
The under-utilization of rice husk, a milling by-product, demands attention due to its widespread disposal and limited usage. This research aims to assess the physical properties and mechanical behavior of three rice husk varieties (F 2000, Orizyca, and Panorama 394), to determine their strength capacities and potential applications. Mechanical properties are evaluated through a non-standardized tension test using a universal machine. Subsequent analyses include measuring the moisture content following ASTM D1348, determining the particle size distribution through ASAE Standard S319, and establishing the bulk density using ASAE Standard S269 Method 4. Mechanical resistance in the rice husk varieties ranged from 60 MPa to 130 MPa, with a particle density exceeding 300 kg/m3 and an average apparent density of 140 kg/m3. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the husk structures, identifying epidermis, hypodermis, and sub-hypodermis layers. The mechanical stress of the Orizyca variety was 1.89 times higher than that of F 2000, and 1.18 times higher than that of Panorama 394. Potential applications include brick manufacturing and thermoformed materials for Orizyca and Panorama 394, while F 2000 could be utilized for producing fuel briquettes or cardboard, among other possibilities.
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