无所不在的特性和可能世界理论

Mikołaj Marks
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摘要

小说文本所展现的故事世界可能既包括人类角色,也包括无所不在的角色。当他们共享同一个本体论平面时,他们之间就会产生特定的动态。此外,无所不在的人物可能会跨越一个单一的平面,从而使整个故事世界显得更加复杂,但也显得不那么连贯。本文以科马克-麦卡锡(Cormac McCarthy)的小说《血色子午线》中的反面人物霍尔登法官(Judge Holden)为例,剖析无所不在的人物在小说世界中的作用。导言以其他文本及其人物为背景,阐释了无所不在的人物形象。运用文学理论家玛丽-劳尔-瑞安(Marie-Laure Ryan)的可能世界理论作为分析的适当手段。她对可能世界理论的理解使我们能够明确区分无所不在的人物所处的本体论层面,并界定其对读者的意义。
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The omnipresent character and possible worlds theory
Fictional texts might present storyworlds that include both human characters and omnipresent characters. When they share the same ontological plane the specific dynamic occurs between them. Furthermore omnipresent characters may be able to transgress a singular plane, in consequence making the whole storyworld appear more complex, but also seem less coherent. This essay focuses on the case of Judge Holden, the antagonist of Cormac McCarthy’s novel Blood Meridian, in order to dissect the role of an omnipresent character within the fictional world. The introduction contextualizes the figure of an omnipresent character, by explicating its nature on the background of other texts and their characters. Applying the possible worlds theory adapted by literary theorist Marie-Laure Ryan serves as the adequate means of analysis. Her take on possible worlds theory enables to make a clear distinctions between ontological planes that an omnipresent character occupies and define what it means for the reader.
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