求助PDF
{"title":"具有组合非线性的分数薛定谔方程的归一化解","authors":"Shengbing Deng, Qiaoran Wu","doi":"10.1515/forum-2023-0424","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the normalized solutions for the following fractional Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities <jats:disp-formula-group> <jats:disp-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mo>{</m:mo> <m:mtable columnspacing=\"0pt\" rowspacing=\"0pt\"> <m:mtr> <m:mtd columnalign=\"right\"> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Δ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mi>s</m:mi> </m:msup> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> <m:mtd columnalign=\"left\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi /> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo>+</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mi>μ</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mrow> <m:mo fence=\"true\" stretchy=\"false\">|</m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> <m:mo fence=\"true\" stretchy=\"false\">|</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>q</m:mi> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:msup> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo>+</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mrow> <m:mo fence=\"true\" stretchy=\"false\">|</m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> <m:mo fence=\"true\" stretchy=\"false\">|</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:msup> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> <m:mtd /> <m:mtd columnalign=\"right\"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>in </m:mtext> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mi>ℝ</m:mi> <m:mi>N</m:mi> </m:msup> </m:mrow> <m:mo>,</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> </m:mtr> <m:mtr> <m:mtd columnalign=\"right\"> <m:mrow> <m:mstyle displaystyle=\"true\"> <m:msub> <m:mo largeop=\"true\" symmetric=\"true\">∫</m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mi>ℝ</m:mi> <m:mi>N</m:mi> </m:msup> </m:msub> </m:mstyle> <m:mrow> <m:mpadded width=\"+1.7pt\"> <m:msup> <m:mi>u</m:mi> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:msup> </m:mpadded> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo>𝑑</m:mo> <m:mi>x</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> <m:mtd columnalign=\"left\"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi /> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mi>a</m:mi> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:msup> </m:mrow> <m:mo>,</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> </m:mtr> </m:mtable> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0161.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>\\displaystyle\\left\\{\\begin{aligned} \\displaystyle{}(-\\Delta)^{s}u&% \\displaystyle=\\lambda u+\\mu\\lvert u\\rvert^{q-2}u+\\lvert u\\rvert^{p-2}u&&% \\displaystyle\\phantom{}\\text{in }\\mathbb{R}^{N},\\\\ \\displaystyle\\int_{\\mathbb{R}^{N}}u^{2}\\,dx&\\displaystyle=a^{2},\\end{aligned}\\right.</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:disp-formula> </jats:disp-formula-group> where <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mn>0</m:mn> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mn>1</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0263.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{0<s<1}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>N</m:mi> <m:mo>></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>s</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0318.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{N>2s}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mi>q</m:mi> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:msubsup> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo>*</m:mo> </m:msubsup> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mfrac> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>N</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>N</m:mi> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>s</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mfrac> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0281.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{2<q<p=2_{s}^{*}=\\frac{2N}{N-2s}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>a</m:mi> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mi>μ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo>></m:mo> <m:mn>0</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0421.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{a,\\mu>0}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> <m:mo>∈</m:mo> <m:mi>ℝ</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0350.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{\\lambda\\in\\mathbb{R}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> is a Lagrange multiplier. Since the existence results for <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:msubsup> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo>*</m:mo> </m:msubsup> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0455.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{p<2_{s}^{*}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> have been proved, using an approximation method, that is, let <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>→</m:mo> <m:msubsup> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo>*</m:mo> </m:msubsup> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0460.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{p\\rightarrow 2_{s}^{*}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, we obtain several existence results. Moreover, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of solutions as <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>μ</m:mi> <m:mo>→</m:mo> <m:mn>0</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0386.png\" /> <jats:tex-math>{\\mu\\rightarrow 0}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and μ goes to its upper bound.","PeriodicalId":12433,"journal":{"name":"Forum Mathematicum","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Normalized solutions for the fractional Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities\",\"authors\":\"Shengbing Deng, Qiaoran Wu\",\"doi\":\"10.1515/forum-2023-0424\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In this paper, we study the normalized solutions for the following fractional Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities <jats:disp-formula-group> <jats:disp-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mo>{</m:mo> <m:mtable columnspacing=\\\"0pt\\\" rowspacing=\\\"0pt\\\"> <m:mtr> <m:mtd columnalign=\\\"right\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">Δ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mi>s</m:mi> </m:msup> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> <m:mtd columnalign=\\\"left\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi /> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo>+</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mi>μ</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mrow> <m:mo fence=\\\"true\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">|</m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> <m:mo fence=\\\"true\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">|</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>q</m:mi> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:msup> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo>+</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mrow> <m:mo fence=\\\"true\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">|</m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> <m:mo fence=\\\"true\\\" stretchy=\\\"false\\\">|</m:mo> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:msup> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>u</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> <m:mtd /> <m:mtd columnalign=\\\"right\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>in </m:mtext> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mi>ℝ</m:mi> <m:mi>N</m:mi> </m:msup> </m:mrow> <m:mo>,</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> </m:mtr> <m:mtr> <m:mtd columnalign=\\\"right\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mstyle displaystyle=\\\"true\\\"> <m:msub> <m:mo largeop=\\\"true\\\" symmetric=\\\"true\\\">∫</m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mi>ℝ</m:mi> <m:mi>N</m:mi> </m:msup> </m:msub> </m:mstyle> <m:mrow> <m:mpadded width=\\\"+1.7pt\\\"> <m:msup> <m:mi>u</m:mi> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:msup> </m:mpadded> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo>𝑑</m:mo> <m:mi>x</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> <m:mtd columnalign=\\\"left\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi /> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:msup> <m:mi>a</m:mi> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:msup> </m:mrow> <m:mo>,</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mtd> </m:mtr> </m:mtable> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0161.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>\\\\displaystyle\\\\left\\\\{\\\\begin{aligned} \\\\displaystyle{}(-\\\\Delta)^{s}u&% \\\\displaystyle=\\\\lambda u+\\\\mu\\\\lvert u\\\\rvert^{q-2}u+\\\\lvert u\\\\rvert^{p-2}u&&% \\\\displaystyle\\\\phantom{}\\\\text{in }\\\\mathbb{R}^{N},\\\\\\\\ \\\\displaystyle\\\\int_{\\\\mathbb{R}^{N}}u^{2}\\\\,dx&\\\\displaystyle=a^{2},\\\\end{aligned}\\\\right.</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:disp-formula> </jats:disp-formula-group> where <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mn>0</m:mn> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mn>1</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0263.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{0<s<1}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>N</m:mi> <m:mo>></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>s</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0318.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{N>2s}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mi>q</m:mi> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:msubsup> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo>*</m:mo> </m:msubsup> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mfrac> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>N</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>N</m:mi> <m:mo>-</m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mi>s</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:mfrac> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0281.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{2<q<p=2_{s}^{*}=\\\\frac{2N}{N-2s}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>a</m:mi> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mi>μ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mo>></m:mo> <m:mn>0</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0421.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{a,\\\\mu>0}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>λ</m:mi> <m:mo>∈</m:mo> <m:mi>ℝ</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0350.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{\\\\lambda\\\\in\\\\mathbb{R}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> is a Lagrange multiplier. Since the existence results for <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:msubsup> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo>*</m:mo> </m:msubsup> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0455.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{p<2_{s}^{*}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> have been proved, using an approximation method, that is, let <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>→</m:mo> <m:msubsup> <m:mn>2</m:mn> <m:mi>s</m:mi> <m:mo>*</m:mo> </m:msubsup> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0460.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{p\\\\rightarrow 2_{s}^{*}}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, we obtain several existence results. Moreover, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of solutions as <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>μ</m:mi> <m:mo>→</m:mo> <m:mn>0</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2023-0424_eq_0386.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math>{\\\\mu\\\\rightarrow 0}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and μ goes to its upper bound.\",\"PeriodicalId\":12433,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Forum Mathematicum\",\"volume\":\"190 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Forum Mathematicum\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1515/forum-2023-0424\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Forum Mathematicum","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/forum-2023-0424","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
引用
批量引用
Normalized solutions for the fractional Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities
In this paper, we study the normalized solutions for the following fractional Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities { ( - Δ ) s u = λ u + μ | u | q - 2 u + | u | p - 2 u in ℝ N , ∫ ℝ N u 2 𝑑 x = a 2 , \displaystyle\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle{}(-\Delta)^{s}u&% \displaystyle=\lambda u+\mu\lvert u\rvert^{q-2}u+\lvert u\rvert^{p-2}u&&% \displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N},\\ \displaystyle\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}u^{2}\,dx&\displaystyle=a^{2},\end{aligned}\right. where 0 < s < 1 {0<s<1} , N > 2 s {N>2s} , 2 < q < p = 2 s * = 2 N N - 2 s {2<q<p=2_{s}^{*}=\frac{2N}{N-2s}} , a , μ > 0 {a,\mu>0} and λ ∈ ℝ {\lambda\in\mathbb{R}} is a Lagrange multiplier. Since the existence results for p < 2 s * {p<2_{s}^{*}} have been proved, using an approximation method, that is, let p → 2 s * {p\rightarrow 2_{s}^{*}} , we obtain several existence results. Moreover, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of solutions as μ → 0 {\mu\rightarrow 0} and μ goes to its upper bound.