Iana Maria Costa Gonçalves DDS, MSc, Julliana Andrade da Silva DDS, MSc, Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar DDS, MSc, Ph.D., Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima DDS, MSc, Ph.D.
{"title":"开发含有矿物粘土作为研磨剂的牙膏配方及其对牙釉质物理特性的影响。","authors":"Iana Maria Costa Gonçalves DDS, MSc, Julliana Andrade da Silva DDS, MSc, Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar DDS, MSc, Ph.D., Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima DDS, MSc, Ph.D.","doi":"10.1111/jerd.13208","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <p>To assess the physical properties and topographical aspect of dental enamel's surface microhardness (KHN), surface roughness (Ra), and color parameters CIELAB (∆<i>E</i><sub>ab</sub>*), CIEDE 2000 (∆<i>E</i><sub>00</sub>), and whiteness index for dentistry (∆WI<sub>D</sub>) after toothbrushing with experimental toothpaste formulations with the following mineral clay types: kaolin, Sparclay SGY, and Tersil CGY used as abrasive component. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed for topographical analyses purposes. A total of 96 bovine incisors were used in the experiment. They were divided into eight experimental groups (<i>n</i> = 12), namely: NC—negative control (no treatment), CT12—Colgate Total 12®, CMP—Colgate® Máxima Proteção Anticáries, K—kaolin experimental toothpaste, SGY—Sparclay SGY experimental toothpaste; CGY—Tersil CGY experimental toothpaste, SD—SiO<sub>2</sub> experimental toothpaste, and CC—CaCO<sub>3</sub> experimental toothpaste. All samples were subjected to mechanical brushing protocol with 5000 cycles and kept in artificial saliva with daily exchanges. KHN was analyzed through the mixed linear model for repeated measures over time. Ra was analyzed through nonparametric Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests to compare the groups. Paired Wilcoxon test was run to compare experimental times. ∆WI<sub>D</sub>, ∆<i>E</i><sub>ab</sub>*, and ∆<i>E</i><sub>00</sub> were analyzed through Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests. All analyses were performed in R* software, at 5% significance level. EXP_SGY recorded higher KHN than EXP_SiO<sub>2</sub> and EXP_CaCO<sub>3</sub>, whereas EXP_K showed increased Ra in comparison to CMP (<i>p</i> = 0.0229). ∆<i>E</i><sub>ab</sub> and ∆<i>E</i><sub>00</sub> were significantly higher in the CT12, EXP_SiO<sub>2</sub>, and EXP_CaCO<sub>3</sub> groups than in the NC and EXP_K (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There were no significant changes in ∆WI<sub>D</sub> (<i>p</i> = 0.0852). According to SEM results, toothbrushing with experimental toothpastes added with mineral clay types did not have significant impact on enamel's polishing and smoothness.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Clinical Relevance</h3>\n \n <p>Mineral clays have a broad application in the cosmetic industry, and recently, they have been used in the formulation of vegan toothpaste.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Development of toothpaste formulations containing mineral clays as abrasive agents and their effects on the physical properties of dental enamel\",\"authors\":\"Iana Maria Costa Gonçalves DDS, MSc, Julliana Andrade da Silva DDS, MSc, Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar DDS, MSc, Ph.D., Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima DDS, MSc, Ph.D.\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jerd.13208\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <p>To assess the physical properties and topographical aspect of dental enamel's surface microhardness (KHN), surface roughness (Ra), and color parameters CIELAB (∆<i>E</i><sub>ab</sub>*), CIEDE 2000 (∆<i>E</i><sub>00</sub>), and whiteness index for dentistry (∆WI<sub>D</sub>) after toothbrushing with experimental toothpaste formulations with the following mineral clay types: kaolin, Sparclay SGY, and Tersil CGY used as abrasive component. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed for topographical analyses purposes. A total of 96 bovine incisors were used in the experiment. They were divided into eight experimental groups (<i>n</i> = 12), namely: NC—negative control (no treatment), CT12—Colgate Total 12®, CMP—Colgate® Máxima Proteção Anticáries, K—kaolin experimental toothpaste, SGY—Sparclay SGY experimental toothpaste; CGY—Tersil CGY experimental toothpaste, SD—SiO<sub>2</sub> experimental toothpaste, and CC—CaCO<sub>3</sub> experimental toothpaste. All samples were subjected to mechanical brushing protocol with 5000 cycles and kept in artificial saliva with daily exchanges. KHN was analyzed through the mixed linear model for repeated measures over time. Ra was analyzed through nonparametric Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests to compare the groups. Paired Wilcoxon test was run to compare experimental times. ∆WI<sub>D</sub>, ∆<i>E</i><sub>ab</sub>*, and ∆<i>E</i><sub>00</sub> were analyzed through Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests. All analyses were performed in R* software, at 5% significance level. EXP_SGY recorded higher KHN than EXP_SiO<sub>2</sub> and EXP_CaCO<sub>3</sub>, whereas EXP_K showed increased Ra in comparison to CMP (<i>p</i> = 0.0229). ∆<i>E</i><sub>ab</sub> and ∆<i>E</i><sub>00</sub> were significantly higher in the CT12, EXP_SiO<sub>2</sub>, and EXP_CaCO<sub>3</sub> groups than in the NC and EXP_K (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There were no significant changes in ∆WI<sub>D</sub> (<i>p</i> = 0.0852). According to SEM results, toothbrushing with experimental toothpastes added with mineral clay types did not have significant impact on enamel's polishing and smoothness.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Clinical Relevance</h3>\\n \\n <p>Mineral clays have a broad application in the cosmetic industry, and recently, they have been used in the formulation of vegan toothpaste.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15988,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.13208\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.13208","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Development of toothpaste formulations containing mineral clays as abrasive agents and their effects on the physical properties of dental enamel
To assess the physical properties and topographical aspect of dental enamel's surface microhardness (KHN), surface roughness (Ra), and color parameters CIELAB (∆Eab*), CIEDE 2000 (∆E00), and whiteness index for dentistry (∆WID) after toothbrushing with experimental toothpaste formulations with the following mineral clay types: kaolin, Sparclay SGY, and Tersil CGY used as abrasive component. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed for topographical analyses purposes. A total of 96 bovine incisors were used in the experiment. They were divided into eight experimental groups (n = 12), namely: NC—negative control (no treatment), CT12—Colgate Total 12®, CMP—Colgate® Máxima Proteção Anticáries, K—kaolin experimental toothpaste, SGY—Sparclay SGY experimental toothpaste; CGY—Tersil CGY experimental toothpaste, SD—SiO2 experimental toothpaste, and CC—CaCO3 experimental toothpaste. All samples were subjected to mechanical brushing protocol with 5000 cycles and kept in artificial saliva with daily exchanges. KHN was analyzed through the mixed linear model for repeated measures over time. Ra was analyzed through nonparametric Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests to compare the groups. Paired Wilcoxon test was run to compare experimental times. ∆WID, ∆Eab*, and ∆E00 were analyzed through Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests. All analyses were performed in R* software, at 5% significance level. EXP_SGY recorded higher KHN than EXP_SiO2 and EXP_CaCO3, whereas EXP_K showed increased Ra in comparison to CMP (p = 0.0229). ∆Eab and ∆E00 were significantly higher in the CT12, EXP_SiO2, and EXP_CaCO3 groups than in the NC and EXP_K (p < 0.0001). There were no significant changes in ∆WID (p = 0.0852). According to SEM results, toothbrushing with experimental toothpastes added with mineral clay types did not have significant impact on enamel's polishing and smoothness.
Clinical Relevance
Mineral clays have a broad application in the cosmetic industry, and recently, they have been used in the formulation of vegan toothpaste.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry (JERD) is the longest standing peer-reviewed journal devoted solely to advancing the knowledge and practice of esthetic dentistry. Its goal is to provide the very latest evidence-based information in the realm of contemporary interdisciplinary esthetic dentistry through high quality clinical papers, sound research reports and educational features.
The range of topics covered in the journal includes:
- Interdisciplinary esthetic concepts
- Implants
- Conservative adhesive restorations
- Tooth Whitening
- Prosthodontic materials and techniques
- Dental materials
- Orthodontic, periodontal and endodontic esthetics
- Esthetics related research
- Innovations in esthetics