Giovanni Gondim Tomaz, Markus Vinicius Campos Souza, Marcelo Augusto da Silva Carneiro, Mariana Luíza de Lima, Claudio Oliveira Assumpção, Fábio Lera Orsatti
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Peak force (anteroposterior and vertical) and time to reach peak force were obtained in both preparation and swing phases. The rate of force development was defined as peak force divided by time to reach peak force.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The postmenopausal women group presented a longer time in the preparation phase (540.6 ± 77 ms vs 482.5 ± 93 ms, P = 0.024) and consequently a longer total time in the step execution test (1,191 ± 106.4 ms vs 1,129 ± 114.3 ms, P = 0.045). There were differences between the groups for the rate of force development in the anteroposterior (postmenopausal women, 142.5 ± 38.1 N/s vs premenopausal women, 174.7 ± 70.5 N/s; P = 0.022) and vertical directions in the preparation phase (postmenopausal women, 102.7 ± 62.3 N/s vs premenopausal women, 145.3 ± 71 N/s; P = 0.012). No significant differences ( P > 0.05) were found in force, time to peak force, and rate of force development during the swing phase. In addition, there were no observed differences in surface electromyography of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles during the preparation phase and swing phase of the step execution test between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postmenopausal women exhibited lower ability to generate propulsive force rapidly (rates of force development) in both the anteroposterior and vertical directions during the preparation phase of gait compared with premenopausal women. This indicates that postmenopausal women experience a reduction in propulsive force during gait.</p>","PeriodicalId":18435,"journal":{"name":"Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Propulsive forces and muscle activation during gait: comparisons between premenopausal and postmenopausal midlife women.\",\"authors\":\"Giovanni Gondim Tomaz, Markus Vinicius Campos Souza, Marcelo Augusto da Silva Carneiro, Mariana Luíza de Lima, Claudio Oliveira Assumpção, Fábio Lera Orsatti\",\"doi\":\"10.1097/GME.0000000000002318\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a reduction in propulsive force during gait in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four women (21 premenopausal and 23 postmenopausal women) aged 40 to 55 years were selected. The ability to reach peak propulsive forces was assessed during the step execution test. The test was performed at the usual speed on 2 nonconsecutive days, with two attempts per day, using a force platform. Four temporal parameters were defined and calculated: initiation phase, preparation phase, swing phase, and total time. Peak force (anteroposterior and vertical) and time to reach peak force were obtained in both preparation and swing phases. The rate of force development was defined as peak force divided by time to reach peak force.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The postmenopausal women group presented a longer time in the preparation phase (540.6 ± 77 ms vs 482.5 ± 93 ms, P = 0.024) and consequently a longer total time in the step execution test (1,191 ± 106.4 ms vs 1,129 ± 114.3 ms, P = 0.045). There were differences between the groups for the rate of force development in the anteroposterior (postmenopausal women, 142.5 ± 38.1 N/s vs premenopausal women, 174.7 ± 70.5 N/s; P = 0.022) and vertical directions in the preparation phase (postmenopausal women, 102.7 ± 62.3 N/s vs premenopausal women, 145.3 ± 71 N/s; P = 0.012). No significant differences ( P > 0.05) were found in force, time to peak force, and rate of force development during the swing phase. In addition, there were no observed differences in surface electromyography of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles during the preparation phase and swing phase of the step execution test between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postmenopausal women exhibited lower ability to generate propulsive force rapidly (rates of force development) in both the anteroposterior and vertical directions during the preparation phase of gait compared with premenopausal women. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
研究目的本研究旨在探讨与绝经前妇女相比,绝经后妇女在步态过程中的推进力是否会减少:选取了 44 名 40 至 55 岁的妇女(21 名绝经前妇女和 23 名绝经后妇女)。在进行台阶执行测试时,对达到峰值推进力的能力进行评估。该测试在不连续的两天中以通常速度进行,每天两次,使用力量平台。定义并计算了四个时间参数:启动阶段、准备阶段、摆动阶段和总时间。峰值力(前后和垂直)和达到峰值力的时间都是在准备阶段和摆动阶段获得的。力的发展速度定义为峰值力除以达到峰值力的时间:结果:绝经后妇女组在准备阶段所用时间较长(540.6 ± 77 ms vs 482.5 ± 93 ms,P = 0.024),因此在步法执行测试中所用总时间也较长(1,191 ± 106.4 ms vs 1,129 ± 114.3 ms,P = 0.045)。在准备阶段,两组在前胸方向(绝经后妇女,142.5 ± 38.1 N/s vs 绝经前妇女,174.7 ± 70.5 N/s;P = 0.022)和垂直方向(绝经后妇女,102.7 ± 62.3 N/s vs 绝经前妇女,145.3 ± 71 N/s;P = 0.012)的力量发展速度存在差异。摆动阶段的力量、达到峰值力量的时间和力量发展速度均无明显差异(P > 0.05)。此外,在台阶执行测试的准备阶段和摆动阶段,两组间腓肠肌内侧和外侧的表面肌电图没有观察到差异:结论:与绝经前妇女相比,绝经后妇女在步态准备阶段在前后方向和垂直方向迅速产生推进力的能力(力的发展率)较低。这表明绝经后妇女在步态过程中的推进力有所下降。
Propulsive forces and muscle activation during gait: comparisons between premenopausal and postmenopausal midlife women.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a reduction in propulsive force during gait in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women.
Methods: Forty-four women (21 premenopausal and 23 postmenopausal women) aged 40 to 55 years were selected. The ability to reach peak propulsive forces was assessed during the step execution test. The test was performed at the usual speed on 2 nonconsecutive days, with two attempts per day, using a force platform. Four temporal parameters were defined and calculated: initiation phase, preparation phase, swing phase, and total time. Peak force (anteroposterior and vertical) and time to reach peak force were obtained in both preparation and swing phases. The rate of force development was defined as peak force divided by time to reach peak force.
Results: The postmenopausal women group presented a longer time in the preparation phase (540.6 ± 77 ms vs 482.5 ± 93 ms, P = 0.024) and consequently a longer total time in the step execution test (1,191 ± 106.4 ms vs 1,129 ± 114.3 ms, P = 0.045). There were differences between the groups for the rate of force development in the anteroposterior (postmenopausal women, 142.5 ± 38.1 N/s vs premenopausal women, 174.7 ± 70.5 N/s; P = 0.022) and vertical directions in the preparation phase (postmenopausal women, 102.7 ± 62.3 N/s vs premenopausal women, 145.3 ± 71 N/s; P = 0.012). No significant differences ( P > 0.05) were found in force, time to peak force, and rate of force development during the swing phase. In addition, there were no observed differences in surface electromyography of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles during the preparation phase and swing phase of the step execution test between the two groups.
Conclusions: Postmenopausal women exhibited lower ability to generate propulsive force rapidly (rates of force development) in both the anteroposterior and vertical directions during the preparation phase of gait compared with premenopausal women. This indicates that postmenopausal women experience a reduction in propulsive force during gait.
期刊介绍:
Menopause, published monthly, provides a forum for new research, applied basic science, and clinical guidelines on all aspects of menopause. The scope and usefulness of the journal extend beyond gynecology, encompassing many varied biomedical areas, including internal medicine, family practice, medical subspecialties such as cardiology and geriatrics, epidemiology, pathology, sociology, psychology, anthropology, and pharmacology. This forum is essential to help integrate these areas, highlight needs for future research, and enhance health care.