自身免疫中的空气

IF 26.9 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-14 DOI:10.1146/annurev-immunol-090222-101050
Corey N Miller, Michael R Waterfield, James M Gardner, Mark S Anderson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自身免疫调节剂(Aire)在中枢免疫耐受和胸腺自我代表中的作用早在20多年前就被首次描述,但对其生物学特性的新见解仍在不断涌现,尤其是在先进的单细胞基因组学时代。我们简要介绍了人类遗传学在发现 Aire 过程中的作用,以及从基因型与表型的相关性和 Aire 相关自身免疫的范围中获得的对其功能的见解--包括从 Aire 基因突变患者身上获得的对人类健康具有广泛而多样影响的见解。然后,我们将重点介绍 Aire 生物学的新趋势,主要集中在三个主题领域。首先,我们讨论了髓质胸腺上皮的多样性和 Aire 在胸腺上皮发育中的作用。其次,我们强调了有关 Aire 及其结合伙伴的分子机制的最新进展。最后,我们描述了胸腺外Aire表达细胞(eTACs)和一种名为Janus细胞的新型eTAC亚群的身份和功能的快速发展的生物学特性,以及它们在免疫稳态中的潜在作用。免疫学年刊》(Annual Review of Immunology)第42卷的最终在线出版日期预计为2024年4月。修订后的预计日期请参见 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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Aire in Autoimmunity.

The role of the autoimmune regulator (Aire) in central immune tolerance and thymic self-representation was first described more than 20 years ago, but fascinating new insights into its biology continue to emerge, particularly in the era of advanced single-cell genomics. We briefly describe the role of human genetics in the discovery of Aire, as well as insights into its function gained from genotype-phenotype correlations and the spectrum of Aire-associated autoimmunity-including insights from patients with Aire mutations with broad and diverse implications for human health. We then highlight emerging trends in Aire biology, focusing on three topic areas. First, we discuss medullary thymic epithelial diversity and the role of Aire in thymic epithelial development. Second, we highlight recent developments regarding the molecular mechanisms of Aire and its binding partners. Finally, we describe the rapidly evolving biology of the identity and function of extrathymic Aire-expressing cells (eTACs), and a novel eTAC subset called Janus cells, as well as their potential roles in immune homeostasis.

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来源期刊
Annual review of immunology
Annual review of immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
57.20
自引率
0.70%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Immunology, in publication since 1983, focuses on basic immune mechanisms and molecular basis of immune diseases in humans. Topics include innate and adaptive immunity; immune cell development and differentiation; immune control of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasites) and cancer; and human immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases. The current volume of this journal has been converted from gated to open access through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program, with all articles published under a CC BY license.
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