帝国晚期俄罗斯企业的生老病死

Amanda Gregg, Steven Nafziger
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摘要

企业的创建、毁灭和演变支持着向现代经济增长的过渡,然而在工业化背景下,人们对这些过程的了解却少之又少。我们通过研究企业的进入、退出和持续性,从企业层面考察了帝俄时期的工业发展。我们利用新开发的 1899 年至 1914 年间俄罗斯所有非金融企业(超过 2500 家)的资产负债表面板数据,研究了进入和退出企业的特征、新进入企业的演变方式以及创始人身份对后续结果的影响。俄罗斯公司是在市场环境中发展起来的,其条件是要克服阻碍这些领先企业在帝国经济中崛起的扭曲性制度障碍。
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The Births, Lives and Deaths of Corporations in Late Imperial Russia
Enterprise creation, destruction and evolution support the transition to modern economic growth, yet these processes are poorly understood in industrializing contexts. We investigate Imperial Russia's industrial development at the firm-level by examining entry, exit and persistence of corporations. Relying on newly developed balance sheet panel data from every non-financial Russian corporation (more than 2500 of them) between 1899 and 1914, we examine the characteristics of entering and exiting corporations, how new entrants evolved and the impact of founder identity on subsequent outcomes. Russian corporations evolved within a market environment, conditional on overcoming distortionary institutional barriers to entry that slowed the emergence of these leading firms in the Imperial economy.
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