卡拉姆哲学中的非还原感知理论

IF 0.3 2区 哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Arabic Sciences and Philosophy Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI:10.1017/s0957423923000115
Fedor Benevich
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这篇文章中,我将论证,卡拉姆的各位学者一致认为,感官知觉是超越感觉器官物理过程的东西。当我们看到一个红苹果时,眼睛里可能发生了一些事情,但看到红苹果并不等于感知。我们将看到,一些卡拉姆学者认为,感知类似于对感知对象的意识或知觉,因此有别于感觉器官中的物理过程。一部分人甚至认为,感官知觉甚至不依赖于身体的任何物理过程。另一类人认为,感官知觉以各种物理条件的出现为前提,但仍然认为感官知觉与这些条件的出现是不同的。我认为,这些关于感官知觉的非还原性理论正是阿拉伯-伊斯兰哲学家从公元 11 世纪开始一直拒绝亚里士多德-阿维森尼的感官知觉理论的原因。
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NONREDUCTIVE THEORIES OF SENSE-PERCEPTION IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF KALĀM
In this article, I will argue that various scholars of kalām unanimously agree that sense-perception is something beyond the physical processes in the sense organs. There may be something happening in our eyes when we see a red apple, but seeing a red apple is not tantamount to it. We will see that some scholars of kalām argue that sense-perception is akin to being aware or conscious of the object of perception, and, hence, distinct from the physical process in the sense organs. One group will go so far as to accept that sense-perception is not even dependent on any physical processes in the body. Another group will accept that sense-perception presupposes that various physical conditions obtain, yet still regard sense-perception as something distinct from the occurrence of those conditions. I am suggesting that these nonreductive theories of sense-perception are the reason why Arabic-Islamic philosophers, starting from the eleventh century CE, consistently reject the Aristotelian-Avicennian theory of sense-perception.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
期刊介绍: Arabic Sciences and Philosophy (ASP) is an international journal devoted to the Arabic sciences, mathematics and philosophy in the world of Islam between the eighth and eighteenth centuries, in a cross-cultural context. In 2009, the journal extended its scope to include important papers on scientific modernization from the nineteenth century in the Islamic world. Together with original studies on the history of all these fields, ASP also offers work on the inter-relations between Arabic and Greek, Indian, Chinese, Latin, Byzantine, Syriac and Hebrew sciences and philosophy. Casting new light on the growth of these disciplines, as well as on the social and ideological context in which this growth took place, ASP is essential reading for those interested in these areas.
期刊最新文献
AVERROES’ “EPISTLE ON DIVINE KNOWLEDGE” AS A DIALECTICAL WORK: BETWEEN FORBIDDEN INTERPRETATION AND PHILOSOPHICAL TRAINING NONREDUCTIVE THEORIES OF SENSE-PERCEPTION IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF KALĀM AL-SUHRAWARDĪ’S PHILOSOPHY CONTEXTUALIZED LES ŠĪʿITES DANS LES MAQĀLĀT D'AL-BALḪĪ ET AL-AŠʿARĪ: TRANSMISSIONS TEXTUELLES ET ENJEUX HISTORIOGRAPHIQUES ASP volume 34 issue 1 Cover and Back matter
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