River A. Watson, Alexis V. Culley, Catherine G. Haase, Matthew R. Thomas, Stephanie L. Brandt, Michael A. Floyd, Rebecca E. Blanton
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Here we use a riverscape genetics approach to test for the effects of natural landscape features including slope, elevation and stream size, and anthropogenically altered habitat features, including specific conductance (conductivity), culverts and forest cover, on population connectivity and genetic diversity of <i>E. spilotum</i>. We found isolation of populations among all tributary systems and a strong, positive relationship between genetic and geographic distances as expected. However, high conductivity levels due to surface coal mining best explain the population structure observed. We also found signatures of low genetic diversity overall and indicators that culverts may limit upstream movements of <i>E. spilotum</i>. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
由于种群的线性和分级分布,水生系统中的遗传分化往往受地理距离(距离隔离)的驱动,但栖息地的破碎化往往会降低种群的连通性,从而加剧这种效应,导致阻力隔离。在美国肯塔基州东部丹尼尔-布恩国家森林内的肯塔基州南叉河水系中,肯塔基箭镖鱼(Etheostoma spilotum)的据点种群具有高度的种群结构,这种结构不能仅用距离来解释。近缘种群之间高于预期水平的遗传分化被假定是由土地利用变化驱动的,但此前并未进行过测试。在此,我们采用河流景观遗传学方法来检验自然景观特征(包括坡度、海拔和溪流大小)和人为改变的生境特征(包括比电导率、暗渠和森林覆盖率)对E. spilotum种群连通性和遗传多样性的影响。我们发现,在所有支流系统中都存在种群隔离现象,遗传距离与地理距离之间存在很强的正相关关系。然而,地表采煤造成的高电导率水平最能解释所观察到的种群结构。我们还发现了总体遗传多样性较低的特征,以及暗渠可能限制 E. spilotum 向上游移动的迹象。这项研究提供了一个新颖的细观视角,即溪流和景观特征对一种濒临灭绝的小型底栖鱼类种群之间的连通性和种群内部遗传多样性的影响。
Instream barriers contribute to population isolation of a small-bodied, benthic, headwater-specialist fish (Percidae)
Genetic differentiation in aquatic systems is often driven by geographic distance (isolation by distance) due to the linear and hierarchical distribution of populations, but habitat fragmentation often exacerbates this effect by decreasing population connectivity, leading to isolation by resistance. Stronghold populations of the Kentucky Arrow Darter (Etheostoma spilotum) in the South Fork Kentucky River system within the Daniel Boone National Forest of eastern Kentucky, USA have a high population structure not explained by distance alone. Higher than expected levels of genetic differentiation among proximate populations were hypothesized to be driven by land-use change, but this was not previously tested. Here we use a riverscape genetics approach to test for the effects of natural landscape features including slope, elevation and stream size, and anthropogenically altered habitat features, including specific conductance (conductivity), culverts and forest cover, on population connectivity and genetic diversity of E. spilotum. We found isolation of populations among all tributary systems and a strong, positive relationship between genetic and geographic distances as expected. However, high conductivity levels due to surface coal mining best explain the population structure observed. We also found signatures of low genetic diversity overall and indicators that culverts may limit upstream movements of E. spilotum. This study provides a novel fine-scale view of the effects of instream and landscape features on connectivity among, and genetic diversity within populations of an imperilled, small-bodied, benthic fish.
期刊介绍:
Ecology of Freshwater Fish publishes original contributions on all aspects of fish ecology in freshwater environments, including lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams. Manuscripts involving ecologically-oriented studies of behavior, conservation, development, genetics, life history, physiology, and host-parasite interactions are welcomed. Studies involving population ecology and community ecology are also of interest, as are evolutionary approaches including studies of population biology, evolutionary ecology, behavioral ecology, and historical ecology. Papers addressing the life stages of anadromous and catadromous species in estuaries and inshore coastal zones are considered if they contribute to the general understanding of freshwater fish ecology. Theoretical and modeling studies are suitable if they generate testable hypotheses, as are those with implications for fisheries. Manuscripts presenting analyses of published data are considered if they produce novel conclusions or syntheses. The journal publishes articles, fresh perspectives, and reviews and, occasionally, the proceedings of conferences and symposia.